精准农业与绿色增长.ppt

2013ECPA, Q. Cao 精准农业与绿色增长 Green Growth in Agriculture To meet global food demand in a sustainable way. Business as usual Soil and water conservation Organic farming Integrated pest management Agricultural biotechnology Precision agriculture Agriculture 1.0 Agriculture 2.0 USDA “ The 20th century transformation of US agriculture and farm policy”; Keystone Strategy. Field-specific Management Regional Opt. Management Field-specific Management Soil-specific Management Site-specific Management In-season Site-specific Management Precision Agriculture Agriculture 2.0 Agriculture 3.0 Precision Agriculture 根据影响农业生产关键因素在时间和空间上的变异规律而相应地调整农业投入与管理措施，以充分实现作物、土壤的光温生产潜力和农业资源的时空优化配置，达到提高产量和资源利用效率、改善品质、增加经济收入和保护生态环境的目的。 Precision Agriculture / Precision Soil Preparation Wheat yield : 16.6% higher Water: 50% less irrigation water Jat et al., 2011. Ame. J. Plant Sci. Precision Seeding Precision Crop Management Mulla et al., 2016. Precision Crop Management Precision Fertilization Precision Irrigation Precision Plant Protection Precision Harvest Erickson, B. and Widmar, D.A. 2015. PA Technologies in US Erickson, B. and Widmar, D.A. 2015. VRT in US 1. 加强精准农业农学基础及应用研究 2. 建立村级农田管理信息系统 Regional Optimum N Management of Corn Increase yield by 13% Decrease GHG 31% Decrease N rate by 21% Wu et al., 2014. PLoS ONE 3. 推广区域优化高产高效栽培管理技术， 根据主要土壤类型进行适当优化 4. 建立并推广基于智能手机的作物诊断与管理建议信息系统 5. 推广基于低成本便携式主动作物传感器的氮营养实时诊断与调控技术, 以农民田块为单位进行精准管理 Precision N Management in North China Plain Cao et al. (In Preparation) GreenSeeker and Nitrogen Nutrition Index-based Precision N Management Strategy（NNI-PNM） Regional Optimum N Rate (180kg/ha) Early Season N Application In-season N Status Diagnosis (1/3 as basal application) Deficient Optimum Surplus Side-dressing N Rate Adjustment Increased PFP by 67% and 37% over FP and RONM, respectively Xia, T. 2016. 6. 建立基于无人机遥感诊断的精准作物管理技术与服务系统 +3% +8% +12% +9% Yield +30% +28% +43% +10% N PFP UAV RS-based Precision Rice Management incre