中考英语语法专题复习：名词.pptVIP

1 1、名词辨析： 名词辨析的考查角度以语境类辨析和近义词辨析为主,少量涉及词性辨析、常识辨析及固定搭配。 2、名词单复数： 名词单复数考查数量较少,包括规则变形和不规则变形两种。 3、名词所有格： 名词所有格考查数量较少,包括两者共有的所有格,时间名词所有格,数量词所有格的用法。 4、名词作定语： 在名词作定语的考查中,复合名词作定语的考查较多,少量涉及了普通名词作定语的考查。 1.语境类辨析 名词辨析侧重语境辨析,同时多与单复数、固定搭配混合考查。涉及较多的是饮食类(如potatoes、chicken、eggs、noodles)、职业信息(如singer、dancer 、writer、reader)、季节(如spring、summer、autumn、winter)和地方名称(如Beijing、London、New York、Pairs)等日常生活类。考生需要注意对日常的生活经验及知识积累 ,根据上下文推测出空格所要表达的意思,选择正确的词。 2.近义词辨析 对近义名词有考查,如message口信,information信息。 message为可数名词,指口信,常用词组：leave或take a message; information指消息、信息、资料。 常见近义词组(学生可以根据以下词条进行归纳记忆)。 1. advice与suggestion 2. problem与question 3. house, home, family与room 4. idea, thought与opinion 5. job与work 6. voice, noise与sound 7. message, news与information 8. place与room 名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词与不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，名词复数构成的规则如下： 一般情况加s 例词cake-cakes day-days student-students bed-beds 以字母s，x, s h, c h等结尾的词加e s例词bus-buses class-classes watch-watches 以字母f，f e结尾的词变f,f e为v再加e s例词leaf-leaves knife-knives wife-wives life-lives 以辅音字母加y结尾的词先变y为i，再加e s例词baby-babies city-cities country-countries 以辅音字母加o结尾的词，若表示有生命的加e s;若表示无生命的加s。例词tomato-tomatoes photo-photos hero-heroes 有一些事不规则变化,需改变单数名词中的元音字母如：man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth 还有单复数形式相同的情况，读音不变,如：fish-fish　sheep-sheep deer-deer Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 不规则变化还包括只有复数形式的名词，读音依情况而定如trousers; glasses;thanks; clothes;goods; chopsticks;people 其他不规则形式，如mouse-mice child-children 1. The commander said that two________ would be sent to the Iraqi front the next day. A. women’s doctor B. women doctors C. women’s doctors D. women doctor 2. “Look! The police ___ here to keep order! Go away quickly,” one of them shouted. A. is coming B. comes C. are coming D. has come 3. She could not speak English, but made her wishes known by means of _____. A. signs B. sighs C. movements D. words 4. In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn’t make any _____. A. idea B. meaning C. sense D. point 5. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English exa