美国文学选读复习提纲.docVIP

Proses: Nathan Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter-Chapter 2 Hawthorne: 心理分析小说，以宗教罪恶观sin评价社会。 -Why are women especially the elder ones so harsh and intolerant to Hester? 1. Startled or astonished by the beauty, elegant and dignity of Hester. 2. The patriarchal society let women have eternalized patriarchal ideas, unfavorable for women adulterers. -How does the author portray Hester Prynne? 1. Core impressive image: the artistically and fantastically made letter A. 2. Appearance -What does the scarlet letter with gold thread and elaborate embroidery(刺绣) suggests? 1. Clue of Hester’s attitude: she makes a mockery of her punishment by making this plain symbol of adultery into a gorgeous decoration. 2. To negate the awful meaning of the letter. 3. as punishment, 血红色的A字象征这人们反对human nature ,lush, 有devilish意味，而Hester wants to change her human reality, to make it prettier than it really is. -What does “A” stand for? Adultery/Angel (appearing in the sky when governor dies)/Able (Hester gains influence) -What kind of person is Chillingworth? 1. Devil or devil’s emissary or Satan: cold intellect and old age, without hominine feelings from heart and soul. 2. In Hester’s recalling, he is “…pale.” Sharp Contrast Hester Chillingworth Young, beautiful, perfect in figure Old(in his decaying age), ugly, deformed, cold and indifferent Herman Melville: Moby Dick-Chapter 41 Character Captain Ahab Image of American: an idealist and an egonist. Willa Cather: Miss Jewett Sarah Orne Jewett’s poetic principles Jewett both as a writer and a person Cather’s poetic principles As a writer, Jewett has her own writing style. She focuses on the places where she lives and loves, and makes them subject-matters of her stories. (Wherever she might be, She carried the Maine shore-country with her. She loved it by instinct, and in the light of wide experience, from near and from afar. Every day, in every season of the year, she enjoyed the beautiful country in which she had the good fortune to be born. Her lov