软件工程(双语)习提纲.docVIP

Chapter 1 An Introduction to Software Engineering *What is software? -Computer programs and associated documentation and Data -Two fundamental types of software product: generic products and customized products *What is software engineering? -Software engineering is an engineering discipline which is concerned with all aspects of software production *What is the difference between software engineering and computer science? -Computer science is concerned with theory and fundamentals; -software engineering is concerned with the practicalities of developing and delivering useful software *What is a software process? -A set of activities whose goal is the development or evolution of software -Generic activities in all software processes are: Specification 、Development 、Validation 、Evolution Chapter 4 Software Process *Software process -Software processes are the activities involved in producing and evolving a software system. -A structured set of activities required to develop a software system: specification; design and implementation; validation; evolution. -General process activities are specification, design and implementation, validation and evolution. *Software process models -Software process models are abstract representations of these processes. -Generic process models describe the organisation of software processes. Examples include the waterfall model, evolutionary development and component-based software engineering. -waterfall model is only appropriate when the requirements are well-understood and changes -The waterfall model is mostly used for large systems engineering projects where a system is developed at several sites -There are two fundamental types of evolutionary development: exploratory development and throw-away prototyping -Exploratory development should start with well-understood requirements and add new features as proposed by the customer -Throw-away prototyping should start with poorly understood requirements to clarify what is really need