护理理论知识来源Sourceofknowledge.pptVIP

知识来源 Source of knowledge Superstition Tradition School learning Authority Trial and Error Media and experience Logical reasoning: deductive and inductive Scientific Methods 学习的层次结构Hierarchy of Learning Create Evaluate Analyze Apply Understand Remember 理论研究的层次结构Level of theoretical discourse Level 第一章 护理理论概述Introduction to Nursing Theory Faculty of Nursing School of Medicine Xi’an Jiaotong University 第一节 护理理念Nursing philosophy 一、理念的概念 理念（philosophy）， 拉丁文philia（爱）及sophia（智慧），智慧之爱。寻找真理。 “理念是指导个人思维及行为的价值观与信念”。 以原则的形式左右及指引个人的思维方式及行为举止 协助个人判断是非 决定事物的价值 二、护理理念(nursing philosoph