译林版七年级英语学科精讲精练——“四朵金花”.pdfVIP

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译林版七年级英语学科精讲精练——“四朵金花”.pdf

初一学科精讲精练--英语之“四朵金花” “这本书我花了5 美元”,你能分别用pay/cost/spend/take 来表达吗?如果你还在为这四个“花费”头疼的 话,下面我们就来一次搞定它们的用法。要想掌握它们的用法,需要弄清楚以下两个问题: 1、主语是什么? 2、宾语是什么?花钱还是花时间? 一、具体用法 (一)pay (paid, paid ) 因为pay 表示“支付,付款”的意思,所以它的主语都是人,宾语都是钱。 需要注意的是,它一般都会跟介词for 搭配使用,用法为:sb. pay money for sth. 。 例如:I paid five dollars for the book. (二)cost (cost, cost) 因为cost 作为名词表示“成本”的意思,所以用作动词之后,就表示某物“花费”了某人多少钱。因此,它 的主语往往是物。 其句型用法为:sth.+cost+sb.+money。 例如:The book cost me five dollars. (三)spend (spent, spent) spend 的主语一般都是人,但其后的宾语可能是时间,也可能是金钱。此外,其宾语后面往往会继续跟上补 语,而补语成分有两种情况,即: 1、sb.+spend+money/time+on+sth. , 例如:I spent five dollars on the book. I spent three hours on my homework. 2、sb.+spend+money/time+(in) doing sth. ,其中的in 经常省略掉, 例如:I spent five dollars buying the book. I spent three hours doing my homework. (四)take (took, taken) take 表示“花费”时,一般是指某物或某事花了某人多长时间,其主语有两种情况: 1、主语是花费某人时间的某物或某事时,其句型用法为:sth.+take+sb.+time ,如: Building the house took them five months. The meeting took us two hours. 2、当take 后面还有 第二个动词时,主语一般采用形式主语it ,这时后面的第二个动词一般采用不定式to do 结构,而且这个不定式才是真正的主语,其句型用法为:It+take+sb.+time+to do sth. 例如:It took them five months to build the house. It took me two hours to get to the station. 练习: 1. How can we go to the park? Taking a taxi ______ too much money. Why not walk there? It isnt far and it doesn ’t ______ much time. A. costs; take B. cost; take C. spends; cost D. spends; take 2. It may ______ him half an hour ______ to the museum. A. cost; walk B. spend; walking C. take; to walk D. use; walking 3. How much ______ these apples ______? A. do; spend B. do; take C. do; cost D. are; cost 4. The price of an iPhone 5s will be more than 5000 yuan. Yes. Good things always ______ much. A. pay B. spend

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