荷兰语三百句.docVIP

*语音入门I. 元音和辅音单元音: a, e, i, o, u, y复合元音: au, ei, eu, eeu, ie, ij, oe, ooi, ou, ui单辅音: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, z, ch, ds, ng, ts, th复合辅音: dr, tr, sch, nkII. 元音读音1。单元音字母在重读开音节中发长音（即字母本身音）， eg: ga , lezengo, read2。单元音字母在闭音节中发相应于字母本身音的短音， eg: lid, wetlimb/member, law3。两个重叠的单元音字母在闭音节中发长音， eg: baas, beenboss, bone/leg4。复合元音只有长音，在开音节和闭音节中发音一般不变， eg: buiten, tuinoutside/beyond, garden5。单元音及少数复合元音在非重读音节中长发作轻音， eg: vochtig, begin, lelijkmoist/wet, begin, ugly6。元音y一般只出现在外来词中， eg: baby , systeembaby, system7。复合元音au和ou的发音相同8。复合元音ei和ij的发音相同III. 辅音读音1。c 一般读作/k/， eg: contact, cultuurcontact, culturec在元音e, i, ij和y前时发作/s/， eg: centrum, incident, cijfer, cynischcentre, incident, figure/cipher, cynical2。浊辅音d出现在词尾时发成清辅音t， eg: honddog3。r出现在元音前时一般发成弹舌音， eg: rood, rijstred, ricer出现在音节末尾时一般只需要发卷舌音（类似儿化音）， eg: kort, persshort, press4。荷兰语中的w与英语中的v相似， eg: wetlaw5。荷兰语中的v的读音与f相似，但f发音时不需要震动声带而v需要6。ch在外来词中发作/ ∫ /， eg: China, chocoladeChina, chocolatech一般情况下发作/x/， eg: macht, wachtenpower/might, waitch在极少数情况下也发作/k/， eg: christendomChristianity7。sch出现在词尾时一般发作/s/， eg: fantastisch , idyllischfantastic, idealistic(al)sch在其他情况下一般发作/sx/， eg: scheiden, schrijvenseperate/part, write8。ng发作后鼻音/ ? /， eg: ring , gangring, walk/corridor9。nk的发音为/ ?k/， eg: bank , dankbench, thank10。t, p, k这三个清辅音出现在s后发作/d/, /b/, /g/， eg: stok, spek, skeletstick, bacon, skeletonst, sp, sk出现在词尾时发音不变， eg: feestfeast/festivalIV. 发音练习a 长音 water, vader, dader, maat, laatwater, father, author/doer, measure, late 短音 dag, nacht, lam, dam, tandday, night, lamb, dam, toothe 长音 mening, leven, delen, heet, weetopinion, live/life, devide, hot, know 短音 wet, met, weg, net, zeglaw, with, way, net/neat, say/telleer meer, veer, keer, wanneermore, feather/ferry, turn/time, wheni 长音 januari, februariJanuary, February 短音 wit, lid, in, dit, iswhite, limb/member, in, thiso 长音 wonen, bogen, mode, loon, telefoonlive, boast/glory in, mode/fashion, weg