小升初英语总复习第三章句型第一节陈述句.pptVIP

第三章 句 型 在英语中，根据句子用途的不同，可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。此外，there be句型作为一种特殊而重要的句型，在小学阶段也应注意掌握。 知识梳理 一、陈述句的概念 　　陈述句是用来陈述事实或者说话人的看法的句子。它包括肯定句和否定句两种。在书写时句末用句点，在朗读时用降调。 　　如：This is a nice book. ( ) Susan likes maths very much. ( ) My father doesn’t go to work on weekends. ( ) They aren’t going to climb the mountain this Saturday. ( ) 第一节 陈述句 二、肯定句变否定句的基本方法 　　1. 句中有be动词的句子：变为否定句时只需在be动词后加not。 如：(1)I am in Grade Six this year. →I’m not(I am not) in Grade Six this year. (2)Mike is going to play football this afternoon. →Mike isn’t(is not) going to play football this afternoon. (3) These are red apples. →These aren’t(are not) red apples. (4) It was a fine day yesterday. →It wasn’t(was not) a fine day yesterday. (5) We were happy at that time. →We weren’t(were not) happy at that time. 2. 句中含有情态动词的句子：变为否定句时只需在情态动词后加 not。 如：(1) Peter can fly. →Peter can’t(can not) fly. (2) You should stop smoking now. →You shouldn’t(should not) stop smoking now. 3. 实义动词的否定句:谓语动词为行为动词的句子变为否定句时，要根据时态选用do的相应形式(do, does, did)，并在其后加 not。 如：(1)I like listening to music. →I don’t like listening to music. （2）My father likes playing sports. →My father doesn’t like playing sports. (3) Grandma does housework every day. →Grandma doesn’t do housework every day. (4) He did his homework last night. →He didn’t do his homework last night. 　　【注】加do not, does not或did not改为否定句以后，要把原句的动词改为动词原形，特别是当原句中的谓语动词是第三人称单数形式does或过去式did时，改为否定句一定要记得在doesn’t或didn’t之后加上do。 4. 几种特殊形式的否定句 (1) 肯定句中含有every的合成词时，变为否定句时将其改为no的合成词。 如：Everything is ready． →Nothing is ready． (2) 肯定句中含有always，usually或ever时，变为否定句时将其改为never。 如：He is always late for school． →He is never late for school． I usually go to the park on foot. →I never go to the park on foot. (3) 肯定句中含有many或much时，变为否定句时将其改为few或little。 如：Many students know him． →Few students know him．