高中英语 Module 1 Europe Period 3 Grammar语法专题课探究导学课型讲义 外研版必修.pptVIP

Module 1　Europe Period 3　Grammar语法专题课 一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致 【课前热身】 观察下面教材中的句子并用所给词的适当形式完成句子。 ①Paris ________ (visit) by more than eight million tourists every year. ②The Sagrada Familia ____________ (design) by an architect called Antonio Gaudi. is visited was designed ③Florence’s most beautiful paintings and sculptures _____________ (produce) by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci. were produced 【课堂诠解】 1. 被动语态的基本结构: be+过去分词。 2. 一般现在时的被动语态的结构: am/is/are+过去分 词。 ①These books ___ ___ _______ to be taken out of the reading room. 这些书不允许被带出阅览室。 are not allowed ②(2014·全国卷)Unless some extra money __ ______, the theatre will close. 如果不能多筹集一些钱, 这个剧 院就要关闭。 is found 3. 一般过去时的被动语态的结构: was/were+过去分 词。 ①____ the song _________ by a soldier? 这首歌是由一名士兵创作的吗? ②We _____ ______ the machines they had turned out. 他们让我们参观了他们生产的机器。 Was composed were shown 4. 有时用“get+过去分词”也可以表示被动的意义。 Some glasses ___ _______ when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候有些玻璃杯被打碎了。 got broken Ⅱ. 主谓一致 【课前热身】 观察下面教材中的句子并用括号内单词的适当形式完 成句子。 ①About two thirds of France’s artists and writers ___ (live) in Paris. ②My family ____ (live) in Cardiff. live lives ③Neither Amy nor Helen __ (be) English. ④None of them ___ (have) arrived yet. ⑤Each of them ___ (have) a capital city. is has has 【课堂诠解】 　　主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致, 主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致, 意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致, 就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。 1. 集体名词作主语时, 如果强调个体成员, 谓语动词用 复数形式; 如果强调整体, 谓语动词用单数形式。这类 集体名词有audience, army, class, company, crowd, family, government, group, population, public, team, village, school等。 用所给词的适当形式填空。 ①My family __ (be) going to move. ②My family ___ (be) all football fans. is are 2. 表示时间、重量、距离、价格、体积等名词的复数 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。例如: Forty miles ____ (be) covered in a single night. Twenty years __ (be) a long time in one’s life. was is 3. 由or, nor, either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but(also). . . 连接的并列主语及there be结构, 通常根据就近原则, 谓语动词的单复数要和与它邻近 的主语一致。 ①One or two friends __________ this evening. 一两个