西安工业信号检测与估计sde_01bradar.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * 我国于二十世纪七十年代初研制的7010型相控阵超远程导弹预警雷达，其平面阵列天线宽达40米，高20米。 * * Draw waves on the board and discuss. 1. The basic radar and communication transmission waves are modified to: a. Allow the system to get more information out of a single transmission. b. Enhance the signal processing in the receiver. c. To deal with countermeasures (jamming, etc.) d. Security (change characteristics) 2. Both CW and Pulse signals can be changed or MODULATED 3. Show slide. 4. Common Modifications are: a. AM b. FM c. Pulse Amplitude d. Pulse Frequency 5. Modulation is achieved by adding signals together. * In radar it is desirable to CONCENTRATE the radiated RF energy into a directional and powerful beam. - Gives ability to illuminate a specific area in space and - Allows for accurate determination of location based on the reflected energy The ANTENNA system is specifically designed to allow us to do this. The ANTENNA has TWO general purposed: Radiates the RF energy created by the transmitter and confines this energy to a narrow beam It also receives the reflected energy and sends it to the receiver. * 1. Remember from discussion on how a RF transmission is made. a. A dipole antenna is the simplest form of RF antenna. b. Optimal radiation is achieved in an antenna who’s length is 1/2 a wave length long or multiples thereof. c. Electrical field strength is strongest in middle and least at top/bottom. d. Maximum field strength is perpendicular to the antenna e. Field extends 360 degrees around antenna. The RADIATION PATTERN for a “point source” antenna is a sphere surrounding the antenna, with POWER DISTRIBUTION (in Watts/meter2) that is uniform in all directions. IN THIS CASE shown here, the RADIATION PATTERN around a di-pole antenna shows that the POWER DISTRIBUTION is NOT equally distributed. * 2. Beam Pattern represents the electromagnetic field around antenn