《传染病学教学》hiv.pptVIP

Four ways to protect yourself? Abstinence Monogamous Relationship Protected Sex Sterile needles Abstinence It is the only 100 % effective method of not acquiring HIV/AIDS. Refraining from sexual contact: oral, anal, or vaginal. Refraining from intravenous drug use Monogamous relationship A mutually monogamous (only one sex partner) relationship with a person who is not infected with HIV HIV testing before intercourse is necessary to prove your partner is not infected Protected Sex Use condoms (female or male) every time you have sex (vaginal or anal) Always use latex or polyurethane condom (not a natural skin condom) Always use a latex barrier during oral sex When Using A CondomRemember To: Make sure the package is not expired Make sure to check the package for damages Do not open the package with your teeth for risk of tearing Never use the condom more than once Use water-based rather than oil-based condoms Sterile Needles If a needle/syringe or cooker is shared, it must be disinfected: Fill the syringe with undiluted bleach and wait at least 30 seconds. thoroughly rinse with water Do this between each person’s use Needle Exchange Program Non-profit Organization, which provides sterile needles in exchange for contaminated ones * * * * Severe opportunistic infections: Pneumocystic Carinii Pneumonia (PCP), Cryptococcal meningitis, pulmonary tuberculosis, Candidiasis, cryptosporidiosis, Histoplasmosis, etc Opportunistic malignancies: Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma etc. Other disorders associated with severe immune suppression: Chronic lymphoid interstitial pneumonia etc. Figure 9-22 Clinical Manifestations Wasting syndrome Kaposi’s sarcoma Kaposis sarcoma in a patient with AIDS Clinical Manifestation Herpes zoster Mamilla Cryptozoite sporotrichosis Clinical manifestation in various systems [1] 1. Respiratory system Pneumocystic Carinii Pneumonia (PCP),Pneumocystis jiroveci(耶氏肺孢子菌) Lung tuberculosis Cytomegalovirus infection Fungal pneumonia Ka