Unit 4 Life in the Mars--定语从句与后置定语.pptVIP

定语从句与分词做定语;在复合句中，充当 用的从句是定语从句。 ☆ 被定语从句限定的词是 ，引导定语从句的词叫做 　　　　　　和 定语从句分为： 定语从句基本结构为： ;用法： 1.构成：先行词+关系代/副词+从句 2. 引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。 关系代词：that, which, whose, who, whom, as； 关系副词：when, where, why. ;3. 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中充当一定的句子成份。（可充当 主语，宾语，表语等句子成分） The student who answered the question was John. 注意：关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略 The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. ; 4.关系代词的选用比较复杂，受下列条件的制约 （1）要看先行词是指人还是指物 People who take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。 ;（2）要看关系代词在从句中句法功能 I still remember the day when /on which my brother joined the army.（作状语） I still remember the days which/that we spent together. （作宾语） I‘d like a room whose window looks out over the sea. （做定语）;（3）要看定语从句是限定性的还是非限定性的。 He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意，这使我很生气。 (which指整个主句);介词短语做后置定语 介词短语做后置修饰语 在意义上表示时间、地点、范围、类别、来源、动宾、同位等语义关系。 例如： The?weather?in?Beijing?is?colder?than?that?in?Guangzhou.???? （地点）北京的天气比广州冷。 People?in?the?world?play?basketball.????? （范围）世界上的人们都打篮球。 His?love?for?his?country?is?very?great.???? （动宾）他很热爱自己的国家。 The?city?of?New?York?is?very?large.????? （同位）纽约城很大。 ; He lives in a house with big trees all around it. They often eat dumplings with seafood in them. The girl with big eyes is Jim’s sister. ; The bird in the tree is singing. The man in black is Mr. Brown, our physic teacher. The lady in the car is from France. The man in the hat invited me.; The boy in blue is my brother =The boy (who is) in blue is my brother The book by my father is my favorite. =The book (which is) written by my father is my favorite.;The students in the classroom are reading. = The students who are in the classroom are reading．;He lives in a house with big trees all around it. = He lives in a house which has big trees all around