漳州市30年暴雨时空分布特征与气象条件分析.docVIP

漳州市30年暴雨时空分布特征与影响条件分析基金项目:漳州市科技计划项目 基金项目:漳州市科技计划项目“九龙江流域面雨量预报在洪涝防御中的应用”(Z2010094) 作者简介：杨德南（1968.12）,福建漳州人，大学本科，学士，高级工程师，主要从事短期天气预报及相关领域研究工作。E-mail:@zzqxtydn@163.com 杨 德 南 漳州市气象局，漳州　363000 提 要:利用漳州市1971～2000年30年地面降水观测资料,对漳州市暴雨的时空分布及其影响系统进行分析，结果表明：暴雨月时间分布呈现年头年尾少、年中多趋势，6～8月为暴雨高峰期；年平均暴雨日数和汛期3～10月暴雨日数地理分布呈现西南偏多、南北偏少特征；冬季暴雨日数分布呈现由南自北逐渐减少特征；暴雨落区与漳州地形特征紧密相关；暴雨主要在南支槽、西南急流、热带气旋影响的天气条件下发生。 关键词：暴雨；地形；南支槽；西南急流；热带气旋 Analyses on the Space-Time Distribution Characteristics and Their Influence Conditions of Heavy Rainfall in Zhangzhou For Thirty Years YANG Denan (Zhangzhou Meteorological Bureau,Zhangzhou 363000) Abstract:Based on daily observation data of precipitation in Zhangzhou from 1971 to 2000, the characteristics of the Space-Time Distribution of heavy rainfall and influencing conditions were summarized and analyzed.The results show that :As to the temporal variations ,number of heavy rainfall days was characterized by the distribution that it was less in the start-end of year and it was more in the mid of year.Number of heavy rainfall days was the most from June to August; As to the spatial variations , number of the yearly averaged heavy rainfall days and the heavy rainfall days in high-water or tide season were characterized by the distribution that it is the more in southwest Zhangzhou and it is the less in north-south Zhangzhou; number of the heavy rainfall days in winter gradually reduced from the south to the north .The area of heavy rainfall has a close relationship to the topography of Zhangzhou.Heavy rainfall occurred in general with the circulation characteristics of the south branch though or southwest jet or tropical cyclones. Key words:heavy rainfall；topography；the south branch though；southwest jet； tropical cyclones 引言 漳州市地处中国东南沿海，与台湾隔海相望，属亚热带季风湿润性气候，3～6月份西南季风主导着漳州天气，常导致强对流、暴雨、台风灾害性天气发生，尤其暴雨、台风最为频繁，每年造成的经济损失最为严重，仅06年强台风“珍珠”给漳州市带来连续2天的大暴雨过程，日雨量300毫米，直接经济损失37亿元。西南季风、台风带来大量的水汽和能量，加上漳州西北靠山、东南临海的特殊地形，使暴雨预报难度加大，因此研究漳州市暴雨时空分布特征及其影响条件具有十分重要意义。 漳州市暴雨的时空分布特征 对漳州市197