皮肤性病学总论教学课件.ppt

Systemic Treatment Antihistomine H1 receptor inhibitors First generation Sedation, anti-cholinergic Toldrin /Chlorpheniramine, Second generation Less/no sedation Clarityne/Loratadine, Zyrtec/Citirizine, H2 receptor inhibitors Cimetidine, Ranitidine Steroid Anti-inflammatory, immune suppressive, Broad applications in dermatology Allergy Drug reactions, contact dermatitis, acute urticaria Autoimmune diseases Vasculitis Antimicrobial drugs Antibiotics Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis Penicillins, Cephalosporins Protein synthesis inhibitors Tetracyclines, Aminoglycosides, Macrolides Quinolones Antifungal Superficial Azole (broad)-clotrimazole, miconazole, econazole, bifonazole Potassium iodide Subcutaneous, systemic Azole-fluconazole, itraconazole Antiviral Acyclovir, ribavirin Retinoids Epithelial differentiation and proliferation, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulation 1st Generation: all-transretinoic acid, Isotretinoin (oral) 泰尔丝 Acne vulgaris, keratosis palmaris Second generation: etretinate, acitretin 方希 Psoriasis, ichthyosis, keratosis palmaris Third generation: acrotinoid 外用：阿达帕林-达芙文、他扎罗丁 Psoriasis, ichthyosis, keratosis pilaris, acne vulgaris Immune suppressors and modulators CTX, MTX Cyclosporin A Calcineurin inhibitors-Tacrolimus, pimecrolimus Calcipotriol-vitamine D3 and its analogs Interferon Topical Therapies (1) Classifications Therapeutic reagents Cleansing Protective Antipruritic Keratoplastics Kerotolytics Antiseptics Causatics Keratolytics Steroids retinoids 常用糖皮质激素外用制剂 极强效： 新适确得霜（0.05％卤米松-三氯生）,乳膏 澳能(0.05%卤米松)，乳膏 恩肤霜(0.02%丙酸氯倍他索＋2%azone) 高效： 肤轻松（国产多为0.025%,属高效，但各药厂制剂质量差异很大）乳膏，软膏 氯氟舒松（0.1%）,乳膏 皮康王霜(0.02%丙酸氯倍他索＋酮康唑) 中效： 艾洛松乳膏（0.1%康酸莫米松） 奥深 （复方-0.02%氟米松-水杨酸） 派瑞松霜（0.1%去炎松＋1%益康唑） 复方康纳乐霜（0.1%去炎松＋制霉素＋新霉素＋短杆菌肽） 皮康霜（0.1%去炎松＋硝酸米康唑＋新霉素） 皮炎平霜（0.1%地塞米松+薄荷、樟脑） 低效： 醋酸氢化可的松（0.5-2.5%）软膏、乳膏 强的松霜（0.25%） Topical Therapies (2) Classifications Type of solvents Solution, tincture Powder, lotion Oil, emulsion, ointment Paste Plaster Film Spray 外用治疗 (3) 原则 选择正确的外