民航机务英语教程.docVIP

PAGE - PAGE 86 - Lesson One BernouIli’s Principle Why Planes Fly Aviation is dependent upon the principle discovered by an eighteenth century scientist，Daniel Bernoulli. ①Bernoulli’s principle helps to explain why an airplane flies，how a wing produces lift，and how fuel flows in an aircraft carburetor．It explains the relationship between the pressure，the vo1ume and the velocity of a fluid in motion．Simply stated，the velocity of a given volume of a fluid in motion is inversely proportional to its pressure. As velocity increases，pressure decreases．Since both gases and liquids are classified as fluids．We’ll use air to demonstrate the properties of a fluid in motion． There are several simple experiments that demonstrate Bernoulli’s principle．The simplest may be conducted with only a sheet of paper．②Hold the paper up to your lips find blow across the top surface．Notice that the paper rises．The velocity of the air over the top of the paper is greater than that under the paper．A low pressure area is created above the paper and the difference in pressure causes the paper to rise．Perhaps you walk past the vacuum cleaner department of department store and you’ll see a ping—pong ball suspended in the air above vacuum cleaner seemingly without sport．The air passing around the curved surface of the ball is traveling faster than the air just be on the surface．③Again, the higher pressure outside the airflow causes the ball to remain in the center of the airflow． Another simple experiment uses a piece of paper, a straight pin and a simple sewing spoo1．First，push the pin through the paper and insert it in the hole in the spool，the pin simply keep the paper from dropping to the floor . Now, blow through the other end of the spool, a low pressure area is created as the velocity of the air increases between the spool and paper．The higher atmospheric pressure on the back of the paper holds the paper close to the end of the spool．These experiments illustrate the fact that when th