Molar Volume of a Gas：一种气体摩尔体积.pdfVIP

Molar Volume of a Gas KEY Name: ________________________________ Purpose: Determine the volume of 1 mole of hydrogen gas at STP using experimental data, known mathematical relationships, and a balanced chemical equation. Pre-Lab: Avogadro’s Hypotheses states that under the same conditions of temperature and pressure equal volumes of all gases contain the same number of molecules. The mole occupied by one mole of gas is known as the molar volume. The reaction used in this experiment involves the reaction of a know mass of magnesium with excess hydrochloric acid as shown: Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) The balanced equation shows the molar ratio between the solid magnesium and hydrogen gas is 1:1. By determining the number of moles equal to the mass of the magnesium we can determine the number of moles of hydrogen gas produced. Materials/Equipment: Gas-measuring tube Metric ruler One-hole stopper (for gas tube) Cotton thread Ring stand Safety goggles Utility clamp Lab apron Thermometer Magnesium ribbon (Mg) Beaker, 400-mL 6M hydrochloric acid (HCl) Graduated cylinder, 10-mL Procedure (Note: this is for 50-mL gas-measuring tubes. For 25-mL use half the amount of acid and Mg): 1) Obtain a piece of magnesium ribbon about 3 cm long. Record the exact length in your data table as (a). 2) Obtain a piece pf thread about 15 cm long and tie the Mg ribbon to one end (Tip: fold the Mg over your knot to help it hold). 3) Obtain 5 mL of 6M hydrochloric acid (HCl). CAUTION! Carefully pour the HCl into the gas- measuring tube. 4) Tilt the ga