美国政治一览.pptVIP

* * * * III. Politics of the UK Political System Three Bodies of the Political System Major Political Parties General Elections 1. Political System characteristics of the constitutional monarchy （君主立宪制）in the UK the development of the monarchy Magna Carta / the Great Charter (1215) the beginning of the parliament of the UK (14th century) conflicts between the monarch and Parliament in 17th century modern political system the Great Council（大议会）: feudal barons and lords (Henry III) The Great Council was widened to include representatives of communities（社会代表）in 13th century. Two Houses of Parliament was formed in14th century. the beginning of the parliament of the UK Started as a council to provide money for the king Gained more power over time Eventually began making laws for the country the Great Council representatives of communities the House of Lords the House of Commons the House of Commons ensured the decisive location like today in15th century conflicts between the monarch and Parliament in 17th century Civil Wars in 17th century the Glorious Revolution (1688) the Bill of Rights —— The establishment of the Constitutional Monarchy（君主立宪制） conflicts between feudal barons and bourgeoisie Charles I (monarch / Royalists /Cavaliers) was executed (1649) Oliver Cromwell (parliament / Roundheads) came into power modern political system was born in 1832 MPs of The House of Commons was elected by elections instead of being appointed by the monarch. Political System The Constitution of the UK Britain is one of only two countries in the world without a written constitution (Israel is the other) Constitution statute law（成文法） the common laws（普通法） conventions（习惯法） laws passed by Parliament laws established through common practice in the courts unwritten rules vital to the workings of the government 2. Three Bodies of the Political System Legislative Body Executive Body Judicial Body Parliament Government the House of Lords Legislative Body —— Parliament func