天大化工原理-英文版课件-Chapter8-22.pptVIP

Summarize the performance characteristics of a reciprocating pump 1. Volumetric flow rate, capacity q (m3/s) 2. (Developed) head ΔH(J/kg) or H (J/N or m) 3. Mechanical efficiency η 4. Power input, shaft power PB (W) (c) Flow rate control for the positive-displacement pump The flow rate can only be controlled by valve on the bypass. 只能用支路阀调节流量。 It is a special performance of a positive-displacement pump. Other positive displacement pump Diaphragm pump 隔膜泵(p169) FIGURE 8.7 Gear pumps齿轮泵: (a) spur-gear外齿合 pump; (b)internal gear内齿合 pump Lobe pump 凸叶转子泵 Screw pump 螺杆泵 2-9 Cam pump 凸轮泵 Vane pump 叶轮（片）泵 8. Multistage centrifugal pumps 9. Leakproof pumps 10. Pump priming泵的起动注水(affusion) **11. Piping system characteristic curve **12. Operating point (Duty point) **13. Flow rate control **14. Pump Selection 1. Impeller 叶轮, vane or blade 叶片 2. Volute 泵壳，涡壳 3. Shaft gland(stuffing box or mechanical seal) 轴封装置 4. Suction Inlet 吸入口 5. Discharge outlet 排出口 Types of impeller (a)Closed impeller, (b)Semiopen impeller, (c)Open impeller Single-suction pump and double-suction pump Single-stage pump and multi-stage pump Multi-stage pump2-3 Volute In the volute the velocity head of the liquid from the impeller is converted to pressure head. 4. Actual performance of a centrifugal pump 5. Loss of head Contributing factors to the loss of head 1. Circulatory flow 2. Fluid friction 3. Shock losses 6. Performance characteristics特性参数 efficiency Pf : power delivered to the fluid(W). PB : power supplied to the pump shaft(W). The actual performance characteristics are determined by experiment because of the complex situation in the pump. Experiment scheme of the pump characteristic 7. Variation of pump characteristic curves A centrifugal pump characteristic curve will vary for several reasons: (a) Change of density (b) Change of viscosity (c) Change of impeller diameter (d) Change of impeller speed (RPM) (a) Change of density Density of the fluid will not affect the capacity, he