英语意群划分.docVIP

英语和汉语一样，人们在朗读或讲话时，为了生动、清楚地表达自己的意思，或作稍微短暂的呼吸换气，将意思表达完整，往往需要在语言表述的某些地方加以停顿。在英语教学中常遇到学生朗读或讲话时对停顿无所措的情况，直接影响着教学进程和效果。和汉语一样，讲话者不得随意乱停。若停顿的不正确，不仅无法准确地表达意思，而且可能引出许多笑话或误会来。譬如，汉语中人们常说的这样一则笑话：“我是××总经理”、“派来的”。就是因为停顿上的错误，让人误解，觉得滑稽可笑。 一、?停顿（Pａｕｓｉｎｇ） 英语语法规定根据阅读或讲话句子长短情况，可按意群进行停顿。在同一意群的各个词之间不能停顿，而应一口气读完，以便整体意思不致中断，使人能完整地理解讲话人的意图和目的。 例如：àＩdid not see Mary / at the party . ????? á Changjing is the longest river / in our country . ?? A child begins / to speak / the moment it opens its lips / to utter any acknowledged sound. 注：意群和意群之间并非一定要停顿，根据情况，有些可停也可不停。 例如：上例à á 就可不停。 ????? àＩdid not see Mary at the party . ????? á Changjing is the longest river in our country . ????? 上例 ? 也可少停一次。 ????????? ? A child begins to speak / the moment it opens its lips / to utter any acknowledged sound. 现已知停顿的规则，但要准确地运用还必须弄清楚英语中的意群及其划分。 二、?意群（Sense-groups）。 意群指句子可以按照意思和语法结构分为若干段落，每一个段落就称为一个意群。它是在意思上相对完整，在语法上密切联系，不能再分的一个词组。 例如 1 .下列句子可分为两个意群： à We study hard / for our country . á There are only two windows / in that room . 2.下列句子可分为三个意群： à I will be glad / to meet you again / next year. á He said / that he would do better / in his English study. 3.下列句子可分为四个意群： à We worked / with the workers there / and learned a lot / from them. á The forest had been green / in the summer / when we had come / into the town.. 三、?意群的划分。 一般规则如下：1.冠词与名词划为同一意群。 ??? à There is?an English novel?on the bookshelf. ??? á?The film?we saw last night is very interesting. 2.形容词与名词划为一个意群。 à Please pass me?that red-blue pencil. á I have not?enough money?to buy it. 3.系动词与表语划为一个意群。 à How to go there?is a problem. á To rise early?is his custom. 4.介词短语划为一个意群。 à There are some tall trees?in front of the building. á Keep him in the dark?about the matter. 5.动词不定式短语划为一个意群。 à I refused?to believe the evil rumor. á Because he is ill , he feels unable?to do it to it 6．分词短语化为一个意群。 à They lived in a room?facing the south. á A letter posted today?will reach him the day after tomorrow. 7.动名词短语划为一个意群。 à?Seeing him happy?made me happy too. á Have you fin