物称和人称说课材料.pptVIP

物称与人称;;句子的主语; ;It has been noted with concern that the stock of the books in the library has been declining alarmingly. Students are asked to remind themselves of the rules for the borrowing and return of books, and to bear in mind the needs of other students. ;What has happened to you? 你出什么事了？ An idea suddenly struck me. 我突然想到一个好主意！ A great elation overcame them. 他们欣喜若狂！ A must for all visitors to Detroit is a visit to an automobile factory. 凡是到底特律来的客人，一定会去参观汽车工厂。 …….;英汉物称与人称差异;1、抽象名词或无生命的事物名称作主语 使用本来表示人的动作或行为的动词作谓语;The little chap’s good-natured honest face won his way for him. 这小伙子面相老实，性情随和，（因此）到处吃得开。 The year 1959 saw the first appearance of a real flying ship in the world. 1959年， 世界上首次出现了一艘真正会飞的船。 ;;2、用非人称代词it 作主语。;; 1）用作先行词代替真正的主语或宾语。 It never occurred to me that she was so dishonest. 我从来没想过她会这么不老实。 2）用作虚意词，代替的主语是难以言明的现象或者情形，如用以表示自然现象、时间、空间以及惯用语中。 How is it with the sick man ? 那个病人怎么样了？ 3）用作强调词，引导所要强调的成分，也是一种形式主语。 It is in the hour of trial that a man finds his true profession. 人总是在面临考验的关头，才发现自己的专长。 ; Conclusion：;英语用抽象名词而不用人称做主语的句子，如果运用得当，可以活得很好的修辞和表达效果。这类结构严密紧凑，言简意赅，许多句子从语法分析看属于简单句，但却表达出复合句或并列句的语义和逻辑关系。英译汉时常常要转换非人称主语为人称主语或其他主语，采用一些其他技巧。;转化成非人称主语，把英语简单句拆成汉语的复合句。 1）A very little encouragement would set that worldly women to talk volubly, and pour out all within her. 这老于世故的女人，只要人家稍微助助她的兴，他便马上滔滔不绝的一股脑儿倒出来。 2) Landing of a few armed final acts as President took the Americans to the very edge of the moon. 只要几个装甲纵队在沦陷地区登陆，就会引起群众性起义。 ; 3) The knowledge of this nuclear fission process has made it possible to use uranium as fuel to obtain nuclear energy. 由于知道了这种核裂变过程，美国人也快要登陆了。 4) A lack of information and formal educational training had left many persons without any generalized standards of judgment applicable to this novel situation. 很多人由于信息不灵通，或者由于没有受过正规的教育训练，因此不能用一般的判断标准去判断这种新奇的现象。;5) The combination of this oriental city’s geography and the absence of import taxes has made Hong