5.2 重点句型语法剖析高二英语上学期人教版选修六同步复习全攻略含解析.docVIP

PAGE 高中英语 重点句型语法剖析 三、重点句型剖析 1. be about towhen 【教材原句】I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。 【方法规律】be about towhen意为“正要……这时……”，其中when相当于at this/that time，类似的句式还有be doingwhen“正在做……突然……”；had donewhen“刚做完……这时(那时)……”。例如： (1)The sports meeting was about to begin when it rained heavily. 运动会刚要开始，这时天开始下起了大雨。 (2)I was reading when he broke in. 我正在读书，他突然闯了进来。 2. 独立主格结构 【教材原句】The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them. 另外两个人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究的岩浆，但是我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。 【方法规律】(1)this being my first experience为独立主格结构，在句中作状语，相当于原因状语从句。独立主格结构本身不是一个完整的句子，但在语意上相当于一个句子。在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。 (2)独立主格结构的构成方法如下： ①名词/代词＋动词-ing形式，如： Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark mass was from a distance. 黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。 ②名词/代词＋过去分词，如： The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly improved. 由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。 ③名词/代词＋动词不定式，如： The two boys said goodbye to each other, one to go home, the other to go to his friend’s. 两个男孩彼此道了别，一个回了家，另一个去了他朋友家。 ④名词/代词＋形容词，如： An air accident happened to the lane, nobody alive. 那架飞机遭遇了空难，无一人生还。 ⑤名词/代词＋副词，如： The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。 ⑥名词/代词＋介词短语，如 The huntsman entered the forest, gun in hand. 那位猎人手里提着枪走进了树林。 (3)特点 ①独立主格结构的逻辑主语和句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 ②独立主格结构中的名词或代词与后面的动词-ing形式、过去分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓关系。 ③独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开。 [即学即练] 把下列句子变为独立主格结构 (1)Because there was no bus, we had to take a taxi to go to the station. →______________________, we had to take a taxi to go to the station. (2)The guide led the way, so we had no trouble getting out of the forest. →______________________, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. (3)When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. →______________________, we put ourselves up in a small hotel. (4)When all the guests were seated, they began their dinner. →_