天大化工原理-英文版课件-Chapter8TransportationandmeteringofFluids.pptVIP

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天大化工原理-英文版课件-Chapter8TransportationandmeteringofFluids.ppt

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Chapter 8 Transportation and metering of Fluids Content 8.1 PIPE, FITTINGS, AND VALVES 8.2 PUMPS 8.3 Centrifugal Pumps*** 8.4 FANS, BLOWERS, AND COMPRESSORS 8.5 MEASUREMENT OF FLOWING FLUIDS 8.1 PIPE, FITTINGS, AND VALVES 1. Pipe and tubing 2. Joints and fittings 3. Allowances for expansion膨胀余量 4. Prevention of leakage around moving parts 5. Valves 6. Recommended practice 1. Pipe and tubing Pipe: heavy –walled and large diameter and comes in moderate lengths. Tubing: thin –walled and coils (a) Material Pipe and tubing can be made from: Metals and alloys: low –carbon steel，copper Wood Ceramics（陶瓷） Glass Various plastics (b) Size 1 -in. Schedule 40 pipe Appendix 3 (c) Selection of pipe sizes = optimum velocity,m/s 2. Joints and fittings Joints : Screwed fittings螺纹连接件,flanges 法兰welding焊接 Soldering焊接（锡焊，软焊） , compression， flared fitting扩口式管接头 Flanges or bell and spigot joints法兰或卡套连接 3. Allowances for expansion膨胀余量 (a) Stuffing boxes 5. Valves Gate valves 闸阀 Globe valves 截止阀 Plug cocks and ball valves 旋塞阀和球阀 Check valves 止回阀 6. Recommended practice 8.2 PUMPS 1. Developed head 2. Power requirement 3. Suction lift 吸上(or安装)高度 and cavitation 气蚀 4. Positive-Displacement Pumps 5. (8.3)Centrifugal Pumps *** Energy needed to transport fluid The devices used to transport fluid (1). Liquid: pump Centrifugal pump离心泵 Positive-displacement pump正位移泵 (2). Gas: Fan 通风机 Blower 鼓风机 Compressor 压缩机 Vacuum pump 真空泵 Pump 泵 1. Developed head A typical pump application is shown diagrammatically in Fig.8.5. The total suction head is Ha 2. Power requirement 3. Suction lift 吸上（or安装）高度 and cavitation气蚀 1. Minimum required net positive suction head (NPSHR)必需气蚀余量, which specified by the pump manufacturers, is given in the manufacturers catalogs. Actual NPSH must large NPSHR more than 0.5m. 2. NPSHR increase with the increase of flow rate, therefore, suction lift should be calculated according to the highest flow rate in