确定汽轮机组异常震动问题的分析与排除.docVIP

确定汽轮机组异常震动问题的分析和排除 引起汽轮机组异常振动的主要原因有以下几个方面，汽流激振、转子热变形、摩擦振动等。针对着三个主要方面以下进行了详细的论述。 Cause the main cause of abnormal vibration in turbine unit has the following several aspects, steam flow excited vibration, rotor thermal deformation, friction vibration, etc. According to the three main aspects were described in detail below. 1.1 汽流激振现象和故障排除 汽流激振有两个主要特征：一是应该出现较大量值的低频分量；二是振动的增大受运行参数的影响明显，如负荷，且增大应该呈突发性。其原因主要是由于叶片受不均衡的气体来流冲击就会发生汽流激振；对于大型机组，由于末级较长，气体在叶片膨胀末端产生流道紊乱也可能发生汽流激振现象；轴封也可能发生汽流激振现象。针对汽轮机组汽流激振的特征，其故障分析要通过长时间（一年以上）记录每次机组振动的数据，连同机组满负荷时的数据记录，做出成组曲线，观察曲线的变化趋势和范围。通过改变升降负荷速率，从5t/h到50/h的给水量逐一变化的过程，观察曲线变化情况。通过改变汽轮机不同负荷时高压调速汽门重调特性，消除气流激振。简单的说就是确定机组产生汽流激振的工作状态，采用减低负荷变化率和避开产生汽流激振的负荷范围的方式来避免汽流激振的产生。 1.1 steam flow excited vibration phenomenon and troubleshooting steam flow excited vibration has two main characteristics: one is supposed to appear larger low-frequency component of the value; Second, the increase of vibration is affected by operation parameters, such as load, and increases should been sudden. The reason is mainly due to the blade is impacted by the uneven flow of gas to steam flow excited vibration occurs; For large unit, due to the final stage is longer, the gas flow disorder may also happen in the end of the leaf expansion steam flow excited vibration phenomenon; Shaft seal steam flow and the vibration phenomenon. According to vibration characteristics of steam turbine steam flow, the fault analysis should pass for a long time (more than one year) record each time the vibration data, along with unit capacity of data record, make group curve, change trend and scope of observation curve. By changing the lifting load rate, from 5 t/h to 50 / h water one by one, the process of change, observe the curve changes. By changing different steam turbine load in high pressure regulating valve reset features, eliminate the air vibration. In simple terms is to determine the working state of the unit to produce steam flow excited vibration, the reduced load rate and avoid