高二英语学好分词的关键所在.pptVIP

学好分词的关键何在 NMET99年有一道单项选择题是这样：?　　When?I?got?back?home?I?saw?a?message?pinned?to?the?door_____.“Sorry?to?miss?you；will you call?later?”．　　A．read　　B．reads　　C．to?read　　D.reading　　本题主要考查分词的用法，做此类题的关键在于弄清分词在句中作什么成分，找出分词的逻辑主语(意义上的主语)，分清逻辑主语与分词之间的主被动关系：1)逻辑主语是分词表示的动作的执行者；2)逻辑主语是分词表示的动作的承受者。分词在句中作不同成分时，其逻辑主语是不同的。 D 　一、分词作状语:分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分 词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。 1)“Can’t?you?read?”Marry?said?angrily?pointing?to?the?notice.(93年?NMET)　　　　　2)The?exisiting?Minister?expressd?his?satisfaction?with?the?talks,adding?that?he?had?enjoyed?his?stay?here.(94年?NMET) 3)Given?more?attention,the?trees?could?have?grown?better．(90年?NMET).　　　　　4)Encouraged?by?his?parents,Li?Ming?studies?English?hard 5)Not?having?received?a?reply,he?decided?to?write?again． 如果分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，则用现在分词完成式 但要注意以下两点：　　1．分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语必须是同一个人或物。例如：　?Looking?down?from?the?top?of?the?mountain,the?whole?city?could?be?seen．　?该句是错句，根据句意，分词looking的逻辑主语是人，不可能是city,此句可改为：Looking?down?from?the?top?of?the?mountain,we?could?see?the?whole?city.?(分词短语作状语) When?we?looked?down?from?the?top?of?the?mountain,we?could?see?the?whole?city. (状语从句) 2．分词用作垂悬状语时，可以不受上述规则制约，是约定俗成的说法。例如：　　A．generally?(specially,strictly,toughly)speaking一般地(特殊地，严格地，粗略地)说。B．Judging?from?(by)：根据…判断例如：①Strictly?speaking,it?isnt?a?correct?answer．　　　②Generally?speaking,Cats?dont?eat?grass．　　　③Judging(不用Judged)?by?her?looks．She?is?a?doctor． “有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, than, unless,although,until, if等连词。即 while when, once, until, if , though等连词＋分词”结构作状语， (When) leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. When she left the airport,she waved again and again to us. (While) waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work. While I was waiting the train,I had a long talk with my sister about her work. (If) translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand. If it is translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to understand.Although working very hard, he failed to