毕业设计论文(彭远辉)(1).docVIP

摘 要 当今，用单片机实现直流电机自动化控制系统已经在各行各业得到了广泛的使用和发展，而直流电动机因其转速调节比较灵活，方法简单，易于大范围平滑调速，控制性能好等特点使直流电机在现代化生产中起着重要作用。它广泛使用于数控机床、工业机器人等工厂自动化设备中。随着现代化生产规模的不断扩大，各个行业对直流电机的需求愈益增大，并对其性能提出了更高的要求。为此，研究并制造高性能、高可靠性的直流电机控制系统有着十分重要的现实意义。 在本次设计中我运用了STC89C52系列单片机控制PWM信号从而实现对直流电机转速进行控制的方法。文章中采用了专门的芯片组成了PWM信号的发生系统，并且对PWM信号的原理、产生方法以及如何通过软件编程对PWM信号占空比进行调节，从而控制其输入信号波形等均作了详细的阐述。此外，本文中还采用了芯片ULN2003作为直流电机正转调速功率放大电路的驱动模块，并且把它和延时电路相结合完成了在主电路中对直流电机的控制。另外，本系统中使用了 对直流电机的转速进行测量，经过滤波电路后，将测量值送到A/D转换器，并且最终作为反馈值输入到单片机进行PI运算，从而实现了对直流电机速度的控制。在软件方面，文章中详细介绍了PI运算程序，初始化程序等的编写思路和具体的程序实现。 关键字 STC89C52 PWM 电机控制 Abstract Nowadays，DC motor with MCU automatic control systems have been widely used and developed in every aspect of life. As the artery in the area of electric drive systems, DC motor has possessed the main role in the area of electric drive because of its neatly adjustment, simple method and smooth timing in a wide range,besides,its control performance is excellent. DC motor is widely used on the automatic equipments , DC drivers become more and more important modern production. such as CNC and industrial robot. As the scale of production becomes larger and larger the demand and requirements become higher and higher,so the research on improving the DC controlling system behavior has important sense. This article mainly introducemputer to control the speed of a D.C. motor. It also clarifies the principles of PWM and the ws the method to generate the PWM signal by using STC89C52 single-chip coay to adjust the duty cycle of PWM signal. In addition, ULN2003 has been used as an actuating device of the power amplifier circuit which controls the speed of rotation of D.C. motor. What’s more, tachogenerator is used in this system to measure the speed of D.C. motor. The result of the measurement is sent to A/D converter after passing the filtering circuit, and finally the feedback single is stored in the single-chip computer and participates in a PI calculation. As for the software, this article