食用菌张树庭教授课件.pptVIP

食用菌 张树庭教授 INTRODUCTION 引言 As we know, today we face many challenges for global human welfare involving inadequate regional food supplies, diminishing quality of health, and increasing environmental deterioration. We need urgently to acquire the knowledge and technology required for fair and effective global response. 众所周知，今天我们面临着诸多全球性的挑战，其中涉及到地区性粮食短缺，健康质量的下滑和不断加剧的环境恶化。我们迫切需要获得相应的知识和技术，来保证世界公平和有效的运转。 Then we all should think about these issues confronting our world – from growing our economy, to protecting our environment, to providing us with food, to enhancing our health. And then we may ask ourselves, whether mushroom biology and mushroom biotechnology could provide tools to help reduce the burden of these issues or to help to find solutions? 我们都应该思考这个世界所面临的各种挑战---从经济增长，到环境保护，食物供给和健康促进。 此外，我们扪心自问，是否蕈菌生物学和蕈菌生物技术可以提供一些工具和手段，来帮助减轻这些挑战所带来的负担，或者帮助寻找解决方案呢？ The answers are positive. Therefore, I think that better understanding of mushroom biology and mushroom biotechnology is vital. It is also important to strengthen the co-operative connections between /among National and international mushroom organizations (movements) and their respective contributions to the development of the world mushroom industry and its links with global business. 答案是肯定的。因此，我认为更好的理解蕈菌生物学和蕈菌生物技术至关重要。同时，加强国家和国际蕈菌组织之间/内部的合作，突出它们对于世界蕈菌产业发展的贡献以及强调它们与全球商业的联系也具有重要意义。 Most of us would agree that humans are an organism which has evolved as gathering places of repositories with enormous capabilities because collectively we can achieve more than we can separately. 我们中的大多数人都会同意这个观点：人类社会是一个已经进化为群居生活的整体。因为与个人相比，借助集体的力量可以让我们获得更多。 II. WHAT ARE OUR BELOVED SMALL MUSHROOMS? 我们深爱的小蕈菌究竟是什么呢？ A mushroom is defined as a macrofungus with a distinctive fruiting body which can be either epigeous or hypogeous, large enough to be seen with the naked eye and to be picked by hand. Accordingly, mushrooms can be either Basidiomtcete or Accomycetes. 蕈菌可以定义为具有独特子实体的大型真菌。这里所说的子实体可以生长在地上或者地下