石油工程专业英语1.ppt

* * Instructor: Guo Qing Content Section One General Understanding Petroleum Industry 1. Knowing Petroleum（了解石油） 2. Petroleum Geology （石油地质） 3. Petroleum Industry（石油工业） 4. Exploring for Petroleum （石油勘探） 5. Well Drilling （钻井） Course Introduction 6. Petroleum Production （石油开发） 7. Petroleum Storage and Transportation （石油储运） 8. Petrochemical Industry （石油化工工业） Purpose of this course Memorize some key terms of petroleum science in English Understand some basic knowledge of petroleum science in English Learn the ways to read articles of petroleum science in English Ways to learn this course Memorization Understanding Practice Chapter One Knowing Petroleum Petroleum: a fuel found in mineral deposits under the ground. “Petr” comes from the Latin word for rock, “oleum” from the Latin word for oil --- therefore, rock oil found in rock. Brief History of Petroleum Mankind’s use of petroleum is as old as recorded history Stickiness of crude oil to bind things together Water repellent（防水） properties to keep water from entering unwelcome places e.g. 5000 years ago asphalt（沥青） was used to inlay（镶）mosaics（马赛克） in walls and floors bitumen was used to line （封衬）water canals（运河）, seal joints （连接处） in wooden boats and build roads. pitch was used to grease（润滑） chariots（敞蓬双轮马车）; asphalt to embalm（保存） mummies（木乃伊） 3. Used as medicine to kill pain 4. Used as fuel to burn light; kerosene（煤油） 5. Used as fuel to cook and keep warm Its Modern uses: Modern industrial civilization depends on petroleum 1. energy source： gasoline（汽油）\ diesel oil（柴油） natural gas 2. petrochemical industry：plastics\ artificial fertilizer [ manure ]（化肥） other functions: lubricant （润滑剂） Black Gold and Blood of Industry Physical and Chemical Features of Crude Oil and Natural Gas Crude Oil is defined as “ a mixture of hydrocarbons（烃） that existed in the liquid phase （相）in natural underground reservoirs（油藏）and remains liquid at atmospheric pressure （大气压力）after passing through s