2017人教版八学年级下现在完成时讲与练.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 人教版八年级下册现在完成时 Unit8：现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用. ①for+时间段 Mary has been ill for three days. ②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）I have lived here since 1998. ③since+时间段+ago I have lived here since six years ago. ④since+从句（过去时） I have lived here since I was born. ⑤It is+时段+since+从句（过去时）It’s six years since I lived here. 瞬间动词（buy,die,join,come，go ,leave,join ……）不能直接与for since 连用。要改变动词 buyhave; borrow keep; come/arrive/reach/get tobe in go outbe out ; leave be away ; beginbe on ; finishbe over ; 　　openbe open ; close be closed ; diebe dead ★1.have代替buy 　　My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. ★2、用keep或have代替borrow 　　I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. ★3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? ★4、用have a cold代替catch a cold 　　Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday. ★5、用wear代替put on 　　b)用“be＋形容词” 表示一种状态，表延续性 　　1、be＋married代marry 2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill 　　3、be＋dead代die 4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep 　　5、be＋awake代wake/wake up 6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave 　　7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut 　　9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose 　　c)用“be＋副词” 表示一种状态，表延续性，代终止性动词 　　1“be＋on”代start,begin 2“be＋up”代get up 　　3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to 　　4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等 　　d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词 　　1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to 　　2.用be in the army 代替join the army 　　3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to UNIT9 has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 　　Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场) Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去过（已不在去过的地方） My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 现在完成时讲解 一．基本结构：助动词have/has+ 过去分词(done) 二．基本句型： 否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他. 简略答语: Yes, 主语 + have/has.(肯定) No, 主语 + havent/