直接引语和间接引语语法.pptVIP

直接引语和间接引语 （Direct Speech and Indirect Speech） 直接引述别人的原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用引号。例如： Mr Black said, “I’m busy.” 布莱克先生说：“我很忙。”（直接引语） Mr Black said that he was busy. 布莱克先生说他很忙。（间接引语） 1 陈述句（Statements） 直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that 引导（that 在口语中常省略），从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作响应的变化。在这一方面，汉语和英语有许多相似之处，因此在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时，要特别注意句子的意义。 人称的变化 (1) He said, “I like it very much.” →He said that he liked it very much. （2） He said to me, “I broke your CD player.” → He told me that he had broken my CD player. 2) 时态的变化 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 He said,”I’m afraid I can’t finished the work.” He said that he was afraid he could’t finished the work. 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 He said, “I’m using the knife.” He said that he was using the knife. 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 She said, “I’ve not heard from him since May.” She said that she had not heard from him since May. 一般过去时 → 过去完成时 He said, “I came to help you.” He said that he had come to help me. 过去完成时不变 He said, “I had finshed my homework before supper.” He said that he had finshed his homework before supper. 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 She said , “ I’ll do it after class.” She said that she would do it after class. 3) 指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 this → that（这个→那个） She said, “I’ll finsh the work this morning.” She said that she would finsh the work that morning. these → those（这些→那些） He said, “These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. now → then（这时→那时） He said, “ It’s nine o’clock now.” He said that it was nine o’clock then. today → that day（今天→那天） He said, “I haven’t seen her today.” He said that he hadn’t seen her that day. yesterday→ the day before（昨天→前一天） She said, “ I went there yesterday.” She said that she had gone there the day before. tomorrow → the next/following day（明天→第二天） She said, “ I’ll go there tomorrow.” She said that she would go there the next / following day. ago → before（以前） She said, “He left 30 minutes ago.” She told me that he had left 30 minu