08第十章分子结构共价键和分子间力.ppt

第十章 共价键与分子间力 Covalent Bond and Intermolecular Forces 物质结构知识复习 构成物质的基本单元是什么？这些基本单元由什么组成？靠何种力量结合？ The Types of Chemical bonds The chemical bond was due to sharing electrons between two atoms. 物质的存在状态有哪几种？为何？ (1) Can explain the saturation of bond (2)Can not explain the directionality of bond (3)can not explain the molecules in which an atom has less or more than an octet 一 氢分子的形成 1926年 Heitler 和 London 用量子力学研究氢分子的形成，解释共价键的本质 1. H2的成键状态 After electron cloud overlap (ψ1+ψ2) 2= ψ1 2+ 2ψ1ψ2+ ψ2 2 Before electron cloud overlap ψ1 2+ ψ2 2 (ψ1+ψ2) 2 ψ1 2+ ψ2 2 ? ?represent con