化工四大化学(专业)review234511Fluidmechanics(课堂讲义).ppt

* (1). Choose datum plate. (2). Choose upstream station and downstream station. (3). The equation can be used for compressible fluid when the change of pressure is less than 20%. (4). The equation can be used in unsteady state for any moment. (5). Hydrostatic equilibrium is a special case of Bernoulli equation. * (6). Each term in the Bernoulli equation has the same unit: J/kg (7). Static pressure energy, Potential energy, Kinetic energy(velocity head) (8). Energy delivered to the fluid:η Wp (J/kg) power delivered to the fluid: mη Wp (W) shaft work: Wp (9). Friction loss: hf (J/kg) pressure drop: Δps (Pa) * Total friction = skin friction + form friction * Fanning friction factor f Laminar flow Re2100 Turbulent flow Re4000 Hydraulically smooth pipe Hydraulically rough pipe Complete turbulent flow Transition region 2100Re4000 * noncircular channels: equivalent diameter Deq hydraulic radius rH * Expansion loss coefficient: Ke For outlet (exit) Ke = 1 Contraction loss coefficient: Kc For turbulent flow, For Inlet(entrance) Kc=0.5 * Loss factor for fitting: Kf Equivalent length: Le Table 5.1 (5.71) * 8. Design of piping system (1). Compound pipes in series (a). Given diameter, length, velocity(or flow rate). Calculate pressure drop, energy delivered by pump …… (b). Given diameter, length, pressure drop. Calculate velocity.(trial and error) (c). Given length, flow rate, pressure drop. Calculate diameter (trial and error). * (a) 2. Compound pipes in parallel J/kg * (b) * 5.6. A liquid with a specific gravity of 2.6 and a viscosity of 2.0 cP flows through a smooth pipe of unknown diameter, resulting in a pressure drop of 0.183 lbf/in.2 for 1.73 mi(英里，1km = 0.62137mi). What is the pipe diameter in inches if the mass rate of flow is 7,000 lb/h? * 5.7. Water flows through an 8-in. steel pipe at an average velocity of 6 ft/s. Downstream the pipe divides into an 8-in. main and a 2-in. bypass. The equivalent