初高中英语衔接之二2016.ppt

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础 即 主语+不及物动词 此处谓语多是不及物动词即Vi。 不及物动词的特点： 没有被动语态； 后面不能直接接宾语,但是构成句子能完整表达意思。 The train leaves at 7. You will graduate from it in 2016. S+V 句型 即 主语+及物动词+宾语 此处谓语多为及物动词Vt. S+V+O 句型 He enjoys reading. They ate what was left over. 即主语+系动词+表语（主系表） 系动词词义不完整，在句中不能单独使用（ 除省略句外），后面必须接表语。 系动词的特点: 没有被动语态； The task proved (to be) very difficult. 这个任务被证明是难的。 2.有些固定搭配： Go:~bad/mad/wrong/blind/sour/pale... S+V+P 句型 常见系动词 状态：be,seem, appear, prove --- 感官：smell, feel, taste, sound, look --- 变化：become, get, turn, go, come, grow --- 持续：remain, stay, keep, continue --- fall : ~alseep/ill/sick turn: He turned writer five years ago. (turn+作家等，零冠词。) ...... 翻译下列句子，并在系动词下划线。 Five and five is ten. My watch is gone / missing / lost. The question is whether they will come. It sounds a good idea. Tom looks thin. The food smells delicious. Now I feel tired. The door remains open. Correct mistakes: Her voice sounds beautifully. 2. The whole company was surprising at the news. 3. To see is believe. 4. It seem like a good idea. 5. The lights still on. 6. All the potatoes changed bad. 7. Jim was remained a worker. beautiful surprised to ? seems ? are went 即主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。 S+V+InO+DO 句型 但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如： He brings me cookies every day. He brings cookies to me every day. She made me a beautiful dress. She made a beautiful dress for me. S+V+O+OC 句型 即主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。 The war| made| him |a soldier. 战争使他成为一名战士. The teacher| ask |the students |to close the windows. 老师让学生们关上窗户. There be ：表示某地有某物 1.我们班有55名学生。 There are 55 students in our classroom. 2.书桌上有一只钢笔，两本书和很多的铅笔。 There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 3.湖上面有船吗？ Are there any boats on the lake? 它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语