基础工程英文复习.pptxVIP

第一章 17:50:45 1 基础工程 基础工程 研究下部结构物与岩土相互作用共同承担上部结构物所产生各种强度、变形与稳定问题。 桩、墩基、箱基、支挡结构、围护结构、水泥搅拌体，砂石桩体，锚固，土钉、砂井等等，都可视为结构物与岩土相互作用问题。 Factors of Safety Depends on Required reliability Consequences of a failure Uncertainties in soil properties and applied loads Construction tolerances Ignorance of the true behavior of foundations Cost-benefit ratio of additional conservatism in the design. 第二章 17:50:45 4 0.75[ ] a 0.75[ ] a Allowable stress design(use in this book) The design load is the most critical combination of the various load sources ,as defined by codes. ANSI/ASCE， D (2.1) D+L+F+H+T+(Lr or S or R) (2.2) D+L+(Lr or S or R)+(W or E) (2.3 ) D+(W or E) (2.4 ) 17:50:45 5 （1）由可变荷载控制时： 组合值系数c 17:50:45 6 （2）由永久荷载控制时： 组合值系数c 17:50:45 7 （四）计算挡土墙、地基或斜坡稳定基滑坡推力时，荷载效应，按承载能力极限状态下荷载效应的基本组合，但其分项系数均为1： 组合值系数c 17:50:45 8 Serviceability requirements Intended to produce foundations that perform well when subjected to the service loads. The Requirements include: Settlement Heave抬升 Tilt Lateral movement Vibration Durability 17:50:45 9 Measures for a large settlement Adjust the foundation design Use a more elaborate foundation Improve the properties of the soil Redesign the structure so it is more tolerant of settlements 17:50:45 10 Differential settlements Definition The differential settlement is the difference in total settlement between two foundation or between two points on a single foundation. Reasons for Differential settlements: The soil profile may not be uniform across the site The ratio between the actual load and the design load may be different for each column. The ratio of dead load to live load may be different for each column. The as-built foundation dimensions may differ from the plan dimensions. 17:50:45 11 第五章 17:50:45 12 What is shallow foundations? d/b=2.5 Shallow foundations Those transmit struct