延续性动词和短暂性动词和现在完成时题目.docVIP

现在完成时中非延续性动词的转换　　 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以 for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“how long”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。但是，有些动词所表示的动作是短暂的，这类动词叫做非延续性动词。如：come, go, reach, arrive, leave, borrow, buy, join, die, begin, start, finish等。在现在完成时的句子中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 　　　　表示动作的连续性，就要把非延续性动词转换成相应的延续性动词或短语，具体转换如下：(要求记住) come/go/reach/arrive→be in/at, leave→be away from, borrow→keep, buy→have, join→be in/be a member of, die→be dead, start/begin→be on, finish/end→be over, open→be open (adj.), close→be closed (adj.), marry→be married come to / go back to / return to→ be back to go out → be out become → be get up → be up； die → be dead； fall asleep / get tot sleep → be asleep； lose → not have ； put on → wear catch / get a cold → have a cold； get to know → know have / has gone to → have been in 注意： 　　 1. 非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如： 　　 She hasn’t bought any new clothes since last year. 　　 2. 在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语时不能与for，since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例如： 例:The old man died 4 years ago.? ----The old man has been dead for 4 years.??? ---- It is 4 years since the old man died.? ---Four years has passed since the old man died.?????? He joined the Party 2 years ago.?? -----He has been in the Party for 2 years.????? I bought the book 5 days ago.? ---- I have had the book for 5 days.　　 He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. = It is two years since he left Beijing. = Two years has passed since he left Beijing. 　　 1. A. They came to our school in 1980. B. They ____ ____ ____ our school since 1980. 2. A. The man died five years ago. B. The man ____ ____ ____ for five years. 3. A. The meeting began two minutes ago. B. The meeting ____ ____ ____ for two minutes. 4. A. We borrowed two books last week. B. We ____ ____ the two books for a week. 5. A. When did the train arrive here? B. How long ____ the train ____ here? 补充练习： 1.???When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ___