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MFGT 104Materials and Quality Ceramics and Glasses Chap 7: Ceramics Objectives Understand the compositions and applications of various ceramic materials and products, including glass, stone, clay, cement, brick, and refractory materials. Describe the development of these materials as well as the various products made from them. Explain the major types and uses of modern, synthetic abrasives Introduction Ceramics are complex compounds and solutions that contain both metallic and nonmetallic elements, heated at least to incandescence during processing applications, typically hard and brittle, exhibit high strength and high melting points, exhibit low thermal and electrical conductivity. Applications Pottery, brick, tile, glass, ovenware, magnets, refractories, cutting tools. Furnace linings and tiles for space shuttle due to high resistance to heat. Superconductivity applications Ceramics Traditional ceramics are made from clay, silica, and feldspar Structural clays for bricks, sewer pipes, drain tiles, and floor tiles are made from natural clays made from three basic components Traditional ceramic products are china, dental porcelain, and sanitary-ware Technical ceramics are mainly pure compounds or nearly pure compounds of primarily oxides, carbides, or nitrides. Normally hot pressed in dry powder form onto useful products. Ceramics Ceramics comes from Greek word keramos, which means potter’s clay. Ceramics are diverse group of nonmetallic, inorganic solid compounds with a wide variety of compositions and properties. Ceramics are crystalline compounds made up of metallic and nonmetallic compounds with properties that differ from the constituents. Ceramics in the form of pottery are among the oldest products manufactured by humans. Clay is inexpensive material and is found throughout the world. Early clay products were sun dried not fired. Firing as used in pottery dates back to around 2000 to 3000 B.C. Ceramics Properties Ceramics are crystalline like s