软件质量与结构化测试.ppt

Software Development Lifecycle 软件开发过程 软件开发 软件开发的工作分配 什么是软件质量 “The totality of features and characteristics of a product or service that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs” (ISO 8402) ISO 9126 Software Quality: The totality of features and characteristics of a software product that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs. Quality in Software 为什么质量差？ Software Quality Assurance 原则 质量不必是“最好”的 质量是用户想要的和愿意购买的 Quality Characteristics质量特征 Software Complexity Quality Models 分配用户需求 Quality Factors Factor-Criteria-Metrics Relationship Quality and Quality Management 质量需要用需求，可接受性和它们达到的证据来衡量 测量工具的好处 支持质量管理系统 What is a Metric ? 任何测量的单位 e.g. Cm, Litre, Ohm, Second, Color Good Metrics Global Data Complexity gdv(G) Method of Calculation... All decisions and loops that do not contain global or parameter data are treated as straight line code Data Metrics No greater than the cyclomatic complexity (v(G)) of the original flowgraph Typically much less Data Metrics subroutine(x) { if (c1) { if (c2) x = y + n; if (c3) z = y + m; else printf (message1); if (z 10) printf (message2); flaga = 1; if (c5) moda(x); } else { printf (message3); } } gdv(G)x = 3 Calculating Global Data Complexity gdv(G)... CALL moda (x) C1 C4 C5 x = y + n C2 C3 C1 C4 C5 x = y + n CALL moda (x) C2 C3 Reduced Global Data Complexity gdv(G) Metric Advantages... Isolate the modules with the highest external data coupling Reveals the quality of the code Combines control flow and data analysis to give a comprehensive view of software Data Metrics Specified Data Complexity (sdv(G))... Quantifies the complexity of a module’s structure as it relates to user data. Abbreviated as sdv(G) Quantifies the data set with each module’s control structure Data Metrics Global Data Complexity sdv(G) Method of Calculation... All decisions and loops that do not contain specified data elements are treat