高中英语知识讲解 复习非限制性定语从句.docVIP

复习非限制性定语从句 编稿：牛新阁 审稿：王春霞 概念引入 上一单元我们学习了限制性定语从句的有关知识，本单元将继续学习非限制性定语从句使用时注意事项以及作定语从句题的解题步骤等。 先看下面句子： 1. Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has e to our university to study for a business qualification. 2. She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students plete before applying for a degree course. 3. “You have to get used to a whole new of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning,” explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in China. 4. Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture. 5. Cuzco is a lively city with many hotels and inns, where both Indian and Spanish culture and art can be seen. 这些句子中斜体词部分都是非限制性定语从句，有关系代词who/ which引导的，如句1、句2和句3；有介词+which引导的，如句4；也有关系副词引导的，如句5。另外as也能引导非限制性定语从句。那么用关系代词和关系副词引导定语从句有什么需要注意的呢？as和which引导非限制性定语从句有什么区别呢？怎样做能把定语从句题都答对呢？下面我们就一一梳理学习。 用法讲解 两种定语从句 1. 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 不用逗与主句隔开 与主句之间通常用逗分开 是先行词不可缺少的部分 是先行词的附加说明 去掉主句意思往往不明确 去掉不影响主句的意思 常译成先行词的定语，“……的……” 常译成主句的并列句 在从句中作宾语的关系代词可省 在从句中作宾语关系代词的不能省略 不可修饰句子 可修饰句子，用as和which引导 不用that和why引导 People who often take physical exercise live longer. 经常锻炼身体的人长寿。 (限制性：起限制作用，不能去掉)　 His daughter, who is in Boston now, is ing home next week. 他的女儿现在在波士顿，下周要回来了。（非限制性：补充说明，译成并列句） 2. 用非限制性定语从句的情况： 1）关系代词指代整个主句的内容 She said she had finished her work, which I doubted very much. 她说她已经完成了这项工作，我对此深感怀疑。 2）先行词是世界上独一无二的事物或专有名词 The moon, which is 384,400 kilometers away from the earth, creates many beautiful stories. 月球，这个离地球384,400公里远的星球，给人们留下很多美好的故事。 3）先行词指的是某人的惟一某个亲属 对比： His brother who is now a lawyer always encourages him to go to college. （限制性） 他那个现在是律师的哥哥总是鼓励他上大学。(他还有其他的哥哥) His brother, who is now a lawyer, always encourages him to go to college. （非限制性） 他的哥哥，现在是律师，总是鼓励他上大学。(他只有一个哥哥) 4）“名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词”结构中 此结构常见的有：some (several, a few, many, most, part, the largest) of which/ whom等形式。有时of which/ whom可以提前到名