英美报刊阅读.ppt

英美报刊阅读 第一章 标题的作用与特点 标题(headline), 是新闻的一个不可分割的组成部分.读者打开报纸,首先映入眼帘的是版面,而版面上首先吸引读者注意力的则是标题.一条好的标题本身就是一则新闻.在探究新闻英语时,就不能不涉及到标题的作用、形式及特点. 一、标题的作用 三、标题的措辞特点 Characteristics of diction in headlines:大量选用简短词for economy and brevity Use short words as many as possible: use concrete, vivid words e.g. 如表示“破坏”或“损坏”，标题中一般不用damage,而用hit, harm, hurt, ruin或 wreck等。又如表示“放弃”，不用abandon而用drop, give up, quit, skip或yield等；表“爆炸”之类的动词时，一般不用explode而用blast, crash, ram 或smash。 e.g. 1. US refuses to back environment fund (back=support) The Sydney Morning Herald, Dec.3,1991 2. Europe Holds Talks to End Tension in Yugoslavia (End=Finish) 3. Terrorists Destroy World Trade Center, Hit Pentagon in Raid With Hijacked Jets (hit=strike; attack) The Wall Street Journal, Sept.12, 2001 4. World eyes mid-East peace talks (eye=watches/observe) The Daily Star, Nov. 5, 1991 Similar verbs are: aid-help/assist 帮助；援助 alter-change 改变 ask-inquire 询问 assail-denounce 谴责，斥责 axe-dismiss/reduce 解雇，减少 back-support 支持 balk-impede 阻碍 ban-prohibit /forbid 禁止 bar-prevent 阻止；防止 bare-expose/reveal/disclose 爆炸；揭露；透露 blast-explode 爆炸 begin-commence 开始 bid-attempt 努力 bilk (Slang)-cheat 欺骗 blast-criticize 批评，指责 block-obstruct/impede 阻碍 bolt-desert/abandon 抛弃；遗弃；放弃 boost-increase 增加；提高 buy-purchase 购买 check-examine 检查 claim-cause the death of 夺去。。。。。。的生命；致死 clash-disagree strongly 发生分歧 curb-control/restrict 控制 cut-reduce 削减；减少 dip-decline/decrease