英美文学选读作家作品合集.docVIP

古英语Old English 450-1066 中世纪英语(文学) Medieval English 1066 - middle 14th century 乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer - the father of English poetry first time to use heroic couplet 英雄体双行诗 文艺复兴(含义)The Renaissance - rebirth or revival 人文主义Humanism - the essence of the Renaissance, the dignity of human being the importance of the present life 1.斯宾塞Edmund Spenser - the poets poet诗人中的诗人《仙后》 2.马洛Christopher Marlowe - University Wits, the pioneer of English drama Blank verse无韵诗体, hyperbole夸张 浮士德博士的悲剧 -- the human passion for knowledge, power and happiness 对知识、权利、幸福的追求 pastoral(牧人的,田园的) life 3.莎士比亚William Shakespeare - above all writers in the past and in the present time 四大悲剧Four tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear Macbeth 十四行诗第18首 eternal or immortal beauty 《威尼斯商人》 to praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, to expose the insatiable greed and brutality 《哈姆雷特》 hesitate between fact and fiction, language and action, too sophisticated to degrade his nature to the conventional role of a stage revenger (复仇者) To be, or not to be - to live on in this world or to die; to suffer or to take action 独白 Soliloquy or monologue - fully reveal the inner conflict of the characters 4.培根Francis Bacon brevity, compactness(简洁) powerfulness, his essays is an important landmark in the development of English prose　Inductive method 归纳法 in place of deductive method 演绎法 《论学习》 uses and benefits of study - studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Studies perfect nature, and are perfected by experience. Different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies - studies and experience are complementary 互补 to each other. The correct attitude to reading books - to weigh and consider. How studies exert influence over human character -reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. 5.邓恩John Donne 玄学诗派metaphysical poetry - break away from love poetry, a seemingly unfocused diver