Trauma Theory Abbreviated创伤理论讲解.pdfVIP

CommunityWorks 1999 Trauma Theory Abbreviated Authored By: Sandra L. Bloom, M.D. PMB 138 12 West Willow Grove Avenue Philadelphia, PA 19118-3952 TRAUMA THEORY ABBREVIATED Sandra L. Bloom, M.D. CommunityWorks® From the Final Action Plan: A Coordinated Community-Based Response to Family Violence, Attorney General of Pennsylvania’s Family Violence Task Force, October, 1999. Psychological Trauma Defined To understand what trauma does we have to understand what it is. Lenore Terr, a child psychiatrist who did the first longitudinal study of traumatized children writes, “psychic trauma occurs when a sudden, unexpected, overwhelming intense emotional blow or a series of blows assaults the person from outside. Traumatic events are external, but they quickly become incorpor ated into the mind” (Terr, 1990, p.8). Van der Kolk makes a similar point about the complicated nature of trauma when he says, “Traumatization occurs when both internal and external resources are inadequate to cope with external threat ” (Van der Kolk, 1989, p.393). Both clinicians make the point that it is not the trauma itself that does the damage. It is how the individual’s mind and body reacts in its own unique way to the traumatic experience in combination with the unique response of the individual’s social group. Children are traumatized whenever they fear for their lives or for the lives of someone they l