三轴试验与应力路径.pptVIP

应力路径与三轴试验  路径：某物通过或移动的路线 Path：The route or course along which something travels or moves。 应力路径：加载过程中应力点的轨迹。 Stress Path: Trajectory of stress points during loading. 应力路径表示方法 1） 直角坐标系统 2） 直角坐标系统 3） 直角坐标系统 4） 直角坐标系统 三轴试验的应力路径 三轴压缩（Triaxial Compression） 三轴拉伸（Triaxial Extension） 例题1 A consolidated-undrained triaxial test on a specimen of saturated clay was carried out under an all-round pressure of 600 kN/m2. Consolidation took place against a back pressure(反压力) of 200 kN/m2. The following results were recorded during the test. Draw the stress paths 例题2 对一个砂土试样做三轴压缩试验，先在排水条件下对土样施加固结压力至200 kN/m2。然后在不排水条件下增加三轴室的压力至350 kN/m2。这时量测到的孔隙水压力u = 144 kN/m2。然后在不排水条件下增加轴向压力直到土样破坏。试验数据如下表。 1. 绘制偏应力和轴向应变的关系； 2. 在p–q空间绘制总应力和有效应力路径； 3. 在s–t 空间绘制破坏时的总应力和有效应力摩尔圆以及摩尔—库伦强度包线，计算该砂土的剪切强度参数（内摩擦角）； 5. 确定孔隙水压力系数B的数值，绘制孔隙水压力系数A随轴向应变变化的关系，确定土样破坏时孔隙水压力系数A的数值。 各向异性固结Anisotropic consolidation Anisotropic consolidation 各向异性固结 k0 consolidation k0 固结 Anisotropic consolidation and K0 consolidation 各向异性固结与K0固结 Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space Substituting Eqs. 2 and 3 into Eq. 1 yields Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space Rearrange Eq. 4 gives Note here s’1 is the major principal stress and s’3 is the minor principal stress. Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space For triaxial compression, Therefore, we have Substituting Eq. 5 into Eq. 4 results in Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space For triaxial extension, Therefore, we have Substituting Eq. 7 into Eq. 4 results in Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space Therefore, the Mohr-Coulomb failure envelope in the p-q space is as follows Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space The failure stress ratio M=|Dq/Dp’| under triaxial compression is different from that under triaxial extension: Mohr-Coulomb Failure Envelope in p-q Space If c=0 (sand or normally consolidated clay), t