西方经济学重点-中英文.docVIP

Represents描述 Define定义 Demonstrate论证 Topic 1A Opportunity cost机会成本The highest-valued alternative that we give up to get something ? the opportunity cost of the activity chosen.我們为了得到一些東西而放弃的 Explicit cost 显性成本 is a cost that involves actually laying out money.花钱 Implicit cost 隐性成本 does not require an outlay of money; it is measured by the value, in dollar terms, of the benefits that are forgone. 非实质性 Marginal Benefit边际收益 指如果再多销售一单位的产品将会得到的收益，或目前最后卖出的一单位的产品所得到的收益。边际收益在实现利润最大化中是一个非常重要的经济量，一般认为当边际收益等于边际成本时企业达到利润最大化 Marginal Cost 边际成本is the change in the?total cost?that arises when the quantit