第三章 土石方明挖工程.docVIP

目录 第三章土石方明挖施工....................................................1 第一节概述.........................................................1 1.土石方明挖施工范围..............................................1 2土石方明挖施工的特点............................................1 3.制定明挖施工方案的原则..........................................2 4.土石方明挖的施工程序及方法......................................2 第二节土方开挖施工..................................................5 1.施工方法........................................................5 1.1一般要求.................................................. 5 1.2主要土方开挖机械作业方法.................................. 5 2.土质边坡开挖....................................................9 2.1边坡分类.................................................. 9 2.2边坡坡比选定............................................. 10 2.3边坡开挖................................................. 10 2.4边坡支护................................................. 10 3.坑槽开挖.......................................................11 4.开挖施工的排水与降水...........................................11 4.1排水方法................................................. 11 4.2降水方法................................................. 13 5．开挖工程特殊土问题的处理......................................20 5.1流砂处理常用的方法....................................... 20 5.2.砂土液化处理.............................................20 5.3软基开挖................................................. 21 第三节石方开挖施工.................................................23 1.坝基开挖.......................................................23 1.1坝基开挖的施工内容....................................... 23 1.2坝基开挖程序............................................. 24 1.3坝基开挖方式............................................. 25 1.4保护层开挖施工...........................................26 1.5工程实例................................................. 30 2.边坡开挖.......................................................33 2.1岸坡分类................................................. 33 2.2边坡开挖程序.............................................33 2.3边坡开挖方法................................