OSAS Training呼吸暂停详解.pptVIP

WAKE UP TO THE PROBLEM OF SLEEP APNEA SYDROME  What is Sleep Apnoea?甚麼是睡眠呼吸暫停(窒息)症? During normal breathing, the airway is open with unobstructed airflow 正常情況下，暢通的呼吸道可以讓空氣自由進出 In patients with Sleep Apnoea, there is Periodic Cessation of Breathing During Sleep 睡眠窒息的患者會在睡眠中間歇地停止呼吸十秒至數分鐘 Normal Breathing呼吸正常 Obstructed Breathing呼吸受阻 Sleep Stages 睡眠分期 Wake 醒覺 Non-REM stages 非快眼動期 (淺睡期) Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Stage 4 REM快眼動期 (深睡期) 睡眠混亂 Sleep Disorders 超過 100種不同分類 More than 100 Classified 最明顯之睡眠混亂問題Most Prevalent Sleep Disorders Sleep Apnea 睡眠呼吸暫停 Periodic Leg Movements (Myoclonus) 周期性腿動 Restless Legs 不靈腿綜合症 Narcolepsy 多發性睡病 REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Night Terrors 造惡夢 Additional – Insomnia 失眠, bruxism, bed wetting, and more than 100 others 呼吸暫停 Apnea 成人 – 呼吸消失了超過 10 秒鐘Cessation of breathing for at least 10 seconds in adults 兒童呼吸暫停之時間一般比成人為短 Duration requirement is usually less for infants 低通氣 Hypopnea Diminished breathing 呼吸減弱 (lower amplitude 幅度降低) 呼吸最少需要比正常值下降 50% 持續超過10秒 Require a 50% drop from normal breathing lasting at least 10 seconds 亦可區分為阻塞性, 中樞性及混合性 Can be classified as Obstructive, Central, and Mixed May require a desaturation 可能需要血氧飽和度同時下降 睡眠混亂指數 AHI Apnea Hyponea Index 睡眠呼吸暫停次數 + 低通氣次數 總睡眠時間 (小時) Apnea Events + Hyponea Events Total Sleeping Hours 無 5 輕 5 - 15 中 15 - 30 重 30 有什麼人會成為患者 Population Groups Infants 嬰兒 Children 兒童 Adults 成人 Elderly 老年人 什麼科室會轉介患者 Prescription Departments The Pain is Not Isolated  Classification of Sleep Apnoea睡眠窒息症可分三大類 Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) 阻塞性睡眠窒息症 Central Sleep Apnoea (CSA) 中樞性睡眠窒息症 Mixed Sleep Apnoea (MSA) 混合性睡眠窒息症 How Common is OSA ?阻塞性睡眠窒息症有多普遍? OSA is the most common type of sleep apnoea Affect 2 - 4% of the middle aged population 阻塞性睡眠窒息症是最常見的，影響到 2 - 4% 中年人事 OSA Hypertension阻塞性睡眠窒息症和高血壓有密切的關係 OSA ---------- High BP High BP ---------- OSA High prevalence of unidentified OSA among Chinese patients with essential hypertension 研究發現高血壓患者有增加患睡眠窒息症的機會