2019初三中考复习《考点整合》5--宾语从句.docxVIP

初三中考复习考点整合——宾语从句 一、高频考点梳理 I、宾语从句三要素： 1) 引导词, 要注意有疑问不能用that引导; 2) 语序，要注意what’s wrong? what’s the matter 以及what happened?虽然是疑问句，但却是陈述语序; 3) 时态，要注意when不能与完成时连用. 时态问题 当主句是一般现在时（或现在进行时、现在完成时），从句时态：该用什么时态就用什么时态 当主句是一般过去时，从句时态：一定要体现过去 当从句是客观事实、客观真理时，从句时态:永远用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响。 1) 当主句的谓语动词为现在时态（并非只指一般现在时，也可以是现在完成时，现在进行时等现在时态）时，从句的谓语动词用它所需要的任何一种时态。 he studies English every day. he is studying English now. 主现从任意 he will study English tomorrow. 主现从任意 He says (that) he has studied English for five years. he was studying English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening. he studied English five days ago. 2) 当主句的谓语动词为过去时态 (并非只指一般过去时，只要是过去的时态形式即可) 时，从句的谓语动词必须用它所相对应的过去时形式。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。 he studied English every day. he was studying English now. he would study English tomorrow. He said (that) he had studied English for five years. he was studying English from 8 to 9 yesterday evening. he studied English five days ago. 注意：“could” 用于表委婉语气时，不是指过去时, 所以从句用 “can” 而不能用“could”。 Could you tell me when I can leave? 3) 当从句描述的是事实、真理或格言、谚语时，从句谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，都用一般现在时。 He says（said）that the earth goes around the sun. 主过从过去 主过从过去 He says（said）that it is better to give than to receive. 否定转移的条件： 1）主语必须是第一人称（i、we） 2）谓语动词必须是think、believe、suppose等 当动词think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess后接一个表示否定意义的宾语从句，且主句的主语是第一人称时，其否定通常转移到主句上，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致。 I don’t believe it is right for him to treat you like that. I don’t think we need waste much time on it. I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim, is he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? 必须使用whether的两种情况： 注意：宾语从句中只能用whether不能用if的情况： ①在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 Everything depends on whether we have enough money. ②宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not. ③和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导. Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided. 3) 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 He wants to