初中英语语法2(朗朗家教).docVIP

10年专注中小学课外辅导,朗朗家教始终值得您托付! 021-5846 8295一个电话名师请到家！ (文章来源：上海 朗朗家教) Chapter II.主谓一致 主谓一致是指主语和谓语动词间在人称和数量上要保持一致，即：主语为单数时谓语也要用单数形式；主语为复数时谓语也要用复数形式。这种一致性常表现为三大一致性原则：语法层面的一致性、意义层面的一致性以及就近原则。 一. 语法层面的一致性： 1.单数名词、不可数名词、动词不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）以及主语从句充当主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 A horse is a useful animal. Water plays an important role in our daily life. Seeing is believing. To climb to the top of the mountain is not easy. What he said seems reasonable. 2.主语是复数，其谓语也要用复数形式。 Horses are useful animals. The police have caught the robbers. 3.由and或both…and…连接的并列主语，谓语动词一般用复数形式。 Both Tom and Kitty do well in sll subjects. A boy and a girl are going to take part in the competition. Notice: ①如果and连接的两个名词共用一个冠词时，表示同一个人、事物，谓语要用单数。 A dancer and a singer are coming to our evening party. (一位舞者和一位歌手，共两人) A dancer and singer is coming to our evening party. ( 一位能歌善舞的人，指一人) ②由and连接的并列主语前有each, every,no修饰时，谓语要用单数。 Every boy and every girl wishes to come to the party. 4.由many a ,more than one修饰的名词作主语时，谓语要用单数。 Many a student has realized the importance of learning a foreign language. More than one teacher is going to work in the countryside for 2 years. 5.as well as, besides, but, except, like, no less than, with, along with, together with等跟在主语后，这些词组后的名词或代词并不看作主语，谓语仍跟这些词组前的主语保持一致。有些人将这一现象成为“就远原则”。 A PE teacher，as well as many students, is in the playground. Many students，as well as a PE teacher, are in the playground. 6.“分数+名词/代词”、“百分数+名词/代词”及half, part, rest等引起的词组作主语时，谓语的单复数取决于该名词是否可数。 Three quarters of the earth’s surface is covered by water. Two thirds of the students in my class are boys. Half of the bulidings in the earthquake area were damaged. Eighty percent of the project has been done. 7.clothes, shoes, trousers, scissors等作主语时，谓语用复数。 Her clothes are all brand names. The shoes are too expensive for me to afford. Notice:若这些词前加了单数的量词 a pair of, this pair of等