《甲醇—水溶液连续精馏浮阀塔的设计》-毕业论文（设计）.docVIP

学生毕业设计（论文） 题 目 甲醇—水溶液连续精馏 浮阀塔的设计 作 者 院 (系) 化学与化工学院 专 业 化学工程与工艺 指导教师 答辩日期 2011年 5 月 22 日 摘 要 甲醇作为重要的基本有机化工原料之一，主要应用于精细化工、塑料等领域，用于制作甲醛、醋酸、甲胺等有机化合物，也是农药、医药的重要原料之一。随着世界能源的日趋紧缺，甲醇又逐步发展成为能源的替代品之一。在深加工后可作为一种新型清洁燃料，也可加入汽油掺烧。由于常用甲醇多为其水溶液，因此，研究和改进甲醇-水体系的精馏设备是非常重要的。鉴此，本论文将以甲醇-水为原料，设计最优浮阀塔，具体是采用泡点进料，将原料液通过预热器加热至泡点后送入精馏塔内。塔顶上升蒸汽采用全凝器冷凝，冷凝器在泡点下一部分回流至塔内，其余部分经产品冷却器冷却后送入储罐。该物系属易分离物系，操作回流比取最小回流比的1.2倍。塔釜采用直接蒸汽加热，塔底产品冷却后送至储罐。 本文用经验计算法和逐板计算法确定了理论塔板数，并对塔的进料位置、塔板数、塔径等参数的设计，得到最佳的、节能的浮阀塔。 关 键 词：精馏塔；浮阀塔；泡点进料 论文类型：工程设计 ABSTRACT Methanol as an important basic organic chemical raw materials, mainly used in one of the fine chemical, plastic and other fields, used to make formaldehyde, acetic acid, organic compounds, such as a amine is pesticides, an important raw material of pharmaceutical. As global energy is in short supply, methanol developed into one of the alternative energy. After the deep processing as a new clean fuel, methanol can add into mixed burning gasoline, too. Due to its aqueous methanol more commonly, therefore, it’s very important to study and improve methanol-water system of distillation equipment. So that, my thesis will with methanol-water as raw materials, design the optimal float valve tower. The meaning is that liquid materials will be heated to a bubble point after into the column. The top of tower vapor rising coagulants condensation, the condenser is in bubble point within the next part of the backflow to the tower and the rest part of the product cooled into the tank. Methanol-water belongs to easy separating content department, operating reflux ratio take 1.2 times of minimum reflux ratio. Tower kettle used to direct steam heating the bottom products sent to tank after cooling. With experience calculation method and driven plate calculation method, we calculate the theory of tower plate number. To the best, energy-saving float valve tower, we design optimal the materials feeding position, towers plate number, tower size plate and ot