粪便DNA突变检测在快速筛选大肠癌中的应用.pdf

遗 传 HEREDITAS (Beijing) 28(9): 1161~1166, 2006 专论与综述 粪便 DNA 突变检测在快速筛选大肠癌中的应用 1 1,2 吴文娟 , 周国华 (1. 中国药科大学生命科学与技术学院, 南京 210009; 2. 华东医学生物技术研究所, 南京 210002) 摘 要: 大肠癌是发病率和死亡率都很高的常见疾病, 对高危人群进行大规模的普查筛选, 可以降低大肠癌的发生 率和死亡率。粪便 DNA 突变检测是新近发展的可用作大肠癌普查的技术, 与常规结肠镜检测和大便隐血实验相比, 具有特异性高、灵敏度高和易于被患者接受等优点。文章阐述了粪便 DNA 突变检测的相关基因、肿瘤特异性 DNA 提取方法和检测方法等, 并对其在快速筛选大肠癌中的应用进行了展望。 关键词: 大肠癌; 提取方法; 粪便 DNA 突变检测; 筛选 中图分类号: R446.13 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 0253-9772(2006)09-1161-06 The Development of Rapid Screening of Colorectal Cancer by Mutation Detection in Fecal DNA 1 1, 2 WU Wen-Juan , ZHOU Guo-Hua (1. College of Life Science and Technology , China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China ; 2. Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics , Nanjing 210002, China) Abstract: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Screening high-risk populations for colorectal cancer can lower both the incidence of and deaths from the disease. Mutation detection in fecal DNA is a new approach of screening patients for colorectal cancer. Compared with colonoscopy and fecal occult-blood test, this approach has the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity and general acceptabilit