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- 约7.93千字
- 约 25页
- 2019-12-03 发布于广西
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2. Basic Knowledge for Financial Analysis 1) IMPORTANCE OF RETURN ON ASSETS (投資利益率の重要性) 2) RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED (使用資本利益率) 3) IMPROVEMENT OF OPERATING PROFIT TO SALES (売上高営業利益率の改善) 4) IMPROVEMENT OF CAPITAL EMPLOYED TURNOVER (直接使用資本回転率の改善) 5) BRAKE-EVEN POINT ANALYSIS (損益分岐点の分析) 6) COST REDUCTION (コスト削減) 7) FREE CASH FLOW (フリーキャッシュフロー) 1) Importance of Return on Assets Return on assets: Measures profitability and efficiency (収益性と効率の尺度) Shows how much we earn profit against investment (投資に対していくらの利益を稼得したのかを示す指標) Examples - ROA (return on total assets)(総資産利益率) - ROE (return on equity)(株主資本利益率) - Return on capital employed(直接使用資本利益率) ROA (Return on Total Assets) Net Income (当期利益) Total Assets(総資産) ROE (Return on Equity) Net Income(当期利益) Shareholders’ Equity (株主資本) Return on Capital Employed Operating Profit(営業利益) Capital Employed*(直接使用資本) * Accounts receivable + Inventories + Property, plant equipment(売上債権+棚卸+有形固定資産) 2) Return on Capital Employed A company must earn profit to grow and expand business.(ビジネスの拡大のために利益を獲得しなければならない) Fund is not limitless. Fund is limited under constraint such as company’s size and profitability. (資金は無限ではない、会社の規模、収益性など制約条件がある) → It is very important that limited fund should be used efficiently. (制限のある資金を効率良く使用していくことが重要である) 2) Return on Capital Employed Inefficient use of fund(資金を効率良く使用できていない) → More fund is needed(より大きな資金が必要) → Constraints for business(ビジネス上の制約) - Increase in cost of capital(資本コストの増加) - Difficult to raise enough fund (十分な資金の調 達は容易ではない) Efficient use of fund, measured by return on capital employed, is indispensable to expand business (直接使用資本利益率を用いて資金の効率的な使用を検証することが、ビジネスの拡大に不可欠である。) What is Capital Employed? (Definition) Assets that are necessary for ordinary business operations such as production, sales, RD and administration(製造、販売、研究開発並びにその管理等の通常のビジネスに必要となる資産) Accounts receivable + inventories + property, plant equipment (boo
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