工作设计和组织结构.pptVIP

國立台灣大學商學研究所 * 陳家聲 教授 版權所有 國立台灣大學商學研究所 * 陳家聲 教授 版權所有 工作設計與組織結構 工作設計分析的理論模型 工作特性模型及其應用 影響組織效能的因素─McKinnsey 7‘ S 傳統的組織原則 組織結構 組織部門化的設計 部門溝通與協調機制 常見的組織型態 影響組織結構的因素 Conceptual Frameworks for Analyzing Work Tasks Task Attributes/ Characteristics Theories: Theories that seek to identify task characteristics in jobs, how these characteristics are combined to form different jobs, and their relationship to employee motivation, and performance. Job Characteristics Model Social Information Processing Model Source: Robbins, S. T. Organizational behavior(10th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc., 2003. Task Characteristics: Variety Autonomy Responsibility Knowledge and skill Required social interaction Optional social interaction 工作設計概念的演變 效果 1.提高工作動機 2.提升產品品質 3.提升工作績效 4.提高工作滿足 5.降低缺席率和離職率 工作的核心特性 技能多樣性 工作整體性 工作重要性 工作自主性 工作回饋性 Source: Hackman, J. R., and Oldham, G. R. Work redesign. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 1980. 海克曼工作特性模型（ Hackman, J. R., and Oldham, G. R.,1980） 心理歷程 覺得工作有意義 產生責任感 了解工作結果 Computing a Motivating Potential Score People who work on jobs with high core dimensions are generally more motivated, satisfied, and productive. Job dimensions operate through the psychological states in influencing personal and work outcome variables rather than influencing them directly. Source: Robbins, S. T. Organizational behavior(10th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc., 2003. Work Space Design Feng Shui(風水) Designing work surroundings so the “Chi” or life force of the space is in harmony and balance with nature. Workspace Design and Productivity Workspaces alone don’t provide substantial motivation. Workspaces make it easier for employees to perform behaviors that make them more effective. “Cognitive ergonomics”: matching the office to the brain work. Source: Robbins, S. T. Organizational behavior(10th ed.). New Jer